Cereal Science Graduate Program, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2022 Sep;11(3):371-385. doi: 10.1007/s13668-022-00424-1. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
Diet can modulate both the composition and functionality of the human gut microbiota. Cereals are rich in specific macro and functional elements that are considered important dietary components for maintaining human health; therefore, it is important to examine precise nutritional mechanism involved in exerting the health benefits via modulating gut microbiota. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent research on how different cereals in the diet can regulate the microbiota for health and disease.
There is an increased interest in targeting the gut microbiome for the treatment of chronic diseases. Cereals can alter the gut microbiome and may improve energy and glucose homeostasis, interfere with host energy homeostasis, appetite, blood glucose regulation, insulin sensitivity, and regulation of host metabolism. However, more human research is necessary to confirm the beneficial health outcomes of cereals via modulating gut microbiota. Cereals play an essential role in shaping the intestinal microbiota that contributes to exerting health effects on various diseases.
饮食可以调节人体肠道微生物群的组成和功能。谷物富含特定的宏观和功能元素，被认为是维持人类健康的重要饮食成分；因此，研究通过调节肠道微生物群发挥健康益处的确切营养机制非常重要。本文综述了饮食中不同谷物如何调节微生物群以促进健康和预防疾病的最新研究进展。
人们越来越关注针对肠道微生物组治疗慢性疾病。谷物可以改变肠道微生物群，并可能改善能量和葡萄糖稳态，干扰宿主能量稳态、食欲、血糖调节、胰岛素敏感性和宿主代谢调节。然而，还需要更多的人体研究来证实通过调节肠道微生物群对谷物有益健康的结果。谷物在塑造肠道微生物群方面起着至关重要的作用，有助于对各种疾病发挥健康影响。
