Department of Microbiology, School of Science Technology, Babcock University, PMB 4005, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Department of Nature Conservation, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 8;12(1):9432. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13716-x.
Tamarindus indica is one of the tropical medicinal plants that has been attributed curative potential of numerous diseases by many rural dwellers. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial activities and also to determine the various chemical constituents responsible for its pharmacological activities. The methanol extract of Tamarindus indica fruit pulp was analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer to determine the volatile compounds present. The antioxidant activities were performed using DPPH and FRAP method and the antibacterial activity was tested against some common pathogens by macro broth dilution method. The GCMS analysis shows the presence of 37 compounds, out of which 14 had their peak area percentages ≥ 1% and only two compounds had no reported pharmacological activities. Most of the bioactive compounds including 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (31.06%)-3-O-Methyl-d-glucose (16.31%), 1,6-anhydro-β-D-Glucopyranose (9.95%), 5-methyl-Furancarboxaldehyde (3.2%), Triethylenediamine (1.17%), 1-(2-furanyl)-1-Propcanone (2.18%), Methyl 2-furoate (3.14%), Levoglucosenone (3.21%), methyl ester-Hepta-2,4-dienoic acid, (8.85%), 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydrox-4H-Pyran-4-one (3.4%), O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.3)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-α-D-Glucopyranoside (2.18%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (1.38%), 2-Heptanol, acetate (1.29%), 5-[(5-methyl-2-fur-2-Furancarboxaldehyde (1.08%), 3-Methyl-2-furoic acid (1.05%) and cis-Vaccenic acid (2.85%)have been reported with different activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, anticancer, antioxidant and other prophylactic activities. The extract demonstrated inhibitory potential against all tested pathogen. However, Plesiomonas shigellosis ATCC 15903 and Bacillus pumillus ATCC 14884 are more sensitive with the MIC of 0.22 and 0.44 mg/ml respectively. The antioxidant activity was relatively low due to the low phenolic content of the extract. This shows that there is a strong correlation between antioxidant activities and phenolic content. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents with various biological activities and this justifies the rationale behind its usage as a curative therapy by many local dwellers.
罗望子是一种热带药用植物，许多农村居民认为它具有治疗多种疾病的潜在功效。本研究旨在评估其抗氧化、抗菌活性，并确定其药理活性相关的各种化学成分。采用气相色谱/质谱联用仪对罗望子果肉的甲醇提取物进行分析，以确定存在的挥发性化合物。采用 DPPH 和 FRAP 法测定抗氧化活性，采用宏观肉汤稀释法测定对一些常见病原体的抗菌活性。GCMS 分析表明存在 37 种化合物，其中 14 种化合物的峰面积百分比≥1%，且仅有 2 种化合物无报道的药理活性。大多数生物活性化合物包括 5-羟甲基糠醛（31.06%）-3-O-甲基-d-葡萄糖（16.31%）、1,6-脱水-β-D-葡萄糖（9.95%）、5-甲基糠醛（3.2%）、三乙烯二胺（1.17%）、1-（2-呋喃基）-1-丙酮（2.18%）、甲基 2-呋喃甲酸酯（3.14%）、左旋葡聚糖酮（3.21%）、甲酯-庚-2,4-二烯酸（8.85%）、2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-4H-吡喃-4-酮（3.4%）、O-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1.3）-β-D-呋喃果糖基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2.18%）、正十六烷酸（1.38%）、2-庚醇，醋酸酯（1.29%）、5-[(5-甲基-2-呋喃基)-2-呋喃甲酰基]戊醛（1.08%）、3-甲基-2-呋喃酸（1.05%）和顺式 Vaccenic 酸（2.85%）等化合物已被报道具有不同的活性，如抗菌、抗真菌、抗结核、抗癌、抗氧化和其他预防作用。提取物对所有测试的病原体均表现出抑制潜力。然而，志贺氏副溶血性弧菌 ATCC 15903 和粘质沙雷氏菌 ATCC 14884 更为敏感，MIC 分别为 0.22 和 0.44mg/ml。由于提取物中酚类含量较低，其抗氧化活性相对较低。这表明抗氧化活性与酚类含量之间存在很强的相关性。GC-MS 分析表明存在具有各种生物活性的生物活性植物成分，这证明了其作为许多当地居民治疗方法的合理性。
