Röhrig Laura, Dussart Francois
Department of Agriculture, Horticulture and Engineering Science, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 20;11(12):1615. doi: 10.3390/plants11121615.
Dothideomycetes represent one of the largest and diverse class of fungi. This class exhibits a wide diversity of lifestyles, including endophytic, saprophytic, pathogenic and parasitic organisms. Plant pathogenic fungi are particularly common within the Dothideomycetes and are primarily found within the orders of Pleosporales, Botryosphaeriales and Capnodiales. As many Dothideomycetes can infect crops used as staple foods around the world, such as rice, wheat, maize or banana, this class of fungi is highly relevant to food security. In the context of climate change, food security faces unprecedented pressure. The benefits of a more plant-based diet to both health and climate have long been established, therefore the demand for crop production is expected to increase. Further adding pressure on food security, both the prevalence of diseases caused by fungi and the yield losses associated with abiotic stresses on crops are forecast to increase in all climate change scenarios. Furthermore, abiotic stresses can greatly influence the outcome of the host-pathogen interaction. This review focuses on the impact of abiotic stresses on the host in the development of diseases caused by Dothideomycete fungi.
座囊菌纲是真菌中最大且最多样化的类群之一。该类群展现出多种多样的生活方式，包括内生、腐生、致病和寄生生物。植物致病真菌在座囊菌纲中尤为常见，主要存在于格孢腔菌目、葡萄座腔菌目和煤炱目中。由于许多座囊菌纲真菌能够感染全球用作主食的作物，如水稻、小麦、玉米或香蕉，因此这类真菌与粮食安全高度相关。在气候变化的背景下，粮食安全面临前所未有的压力。长期以来，以植物性食物为主的饮食对健康和气候的益处已得到证实，因此对作物产量的需求预计将会增加。进一步给粮食安全带来压力的是，在所有气候变化情景下，预计由真菌引起的疾病流行率以及与作物非生物胁迫相关的产量损失都将增加。此外，非生物胁迫会极大地影响宿主与病原体相互作用的结果。本综述着重探讨非生物胁迫对座囊菌纲真菌所致病害发生过程中宿主的影响。
