Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Jun 17;14(6):413. doi: 10.3390/toxins14060413.
Background: We investigated the effect of replacing normal corn (NC) or normal wheat bran (NW) with moldy corn (MC) or moldy wheat bran (MW) on growth, ovarian follicular reserves, and oxidative status. Methods: Sixty-three Landrace × Yorkshire gilts were assigned to seven diets formulated by using MC to replace 0% (control), 25% (25% MC), 50% (50% MC), 75% (75% MC), and 100% NC (100% MC), MW to replace 100% NW (100% MW), and MC and MW to replace 100% NC and 100% NW (100% MC + MW), from postnatal day 110 to day 19 of the second estrous cycle. Results: Feeding the gilts with MC or MW induced a lower average daily gain at days 29−56 of the experiment. Age at puberty remained unchanged, but MC inclusion resulted in a linear decrease in antral follicles with diameter >3.0 mm, and control gilts had a 12.7 more large antral follicles than gilts in the 100% MC + MW treatment. MC inclusion linearly decreased the numbers of primordial follicles, growing follicles, and corpora lutea, associated with a lower anti-Müllerian hormone level in serum and 17β-estradiol level in follicular fluid. MC inclusion decreased the serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 and its mRNA levels in the liver, combined with higher malondialdehyde concentration and lower total superoxide dismutase activities in serum and liver. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to MC-containing diets caused the loss of follicles, even if levels of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and aflatoxin B1 were below the levels allowed by China and Europe standards.
我们研究了用霉变玉米（MC）或霉变麦麸（MW）替代正常玉米（NC）或正常麦麸（NW）对生长、卵巢卵泡储备和氧化状态的影响。方法：63 头长白×大约克夏二元杂种后备母猪被分配到 7 种日粮中，日粮中用 MC 分别替代 0%（对照）、25%、50%、75%和 100%的 NC（100% MC），MW 替代 100%的 NW（100% MW），以及 MC 和 MW 替代 100%的 NC 和 100%的 NW（100% MC+MW），从产后第 110 天到第二次发情周期的第 19 天。结果：后备母猪采食 MC 或 MW 日粮在试验的第 29-56 天导致平均日增重降低。初情期年龄保持不变，但 MC 组后备母猪的 >3.0mm 直径的窦前卵泡数量线性减少，与 100% MC+MW 组相比，对照组后备母猪有 12.7 个更大的窦前卵泡。MC 组后备母猪的原始卵泡、生长卵泡和黄体数量线性减少，血清抗苗勒管激素水平和卵泡液 17β-雌二醇水平降低。MC 组后备母猪的血清胰岛素样生长因子 1 浓度及其在肝脏中的 mRNA 水平降低，与血清和肝脏中丙二醛浓度升高和总超氧化物歧化酶活性降低相结合。结论：长期暴露于含 MC 的日粮会导致卵泡丧失，即使呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮和黄曲霉毒素 B1 的含量低于中国和欧洲标准允许的水平。
