Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea.
Cells. 2022 Jun 12;11(12):1902. doi: 10.3390/cells11121902.
Although different regions of the brain are dedicated to specific functions, the intra- and inter-regional heterogeneity of astrocytes and microglia in these regions has not yet been fully understood. Recently, an advancement in various technologies, such as single-cell RNA sequencing, has allowed for the discovery of astrocytes and microglia with distinct molecular fingerprints and varying functions in the brain. In addition, the regional heterogeneity of astrocytes and microglia exhibits different functions in several situations, such as aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, investigating the region-specific astrocytes and microglia is important in understanding the overall function of the brain. In this review, we summarize up-to-date research on various intra- and inter-regional heterogeneities of astrocytes and microglia, and provide information on how they can be applied to aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
尽管大脑的不同区域专门负责特定的功能，但这些区域中的星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的内部和区域间异质性尚未被完全理解。最近，单细胞 RNA 测序等各种技术的进步使得能够发现具有不同分子指纹和不同功能的星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞。此外，星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的区域异质性在几种情况下表现出不同的功能，如衰老和神经退行性疾病。因此，研究特定区域的星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞对于理解大脑的整体功能非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的各种内部和区域间异质性的研究，并提供了有关它们如何应用于衰老和神经退行性疾病的信息。
