Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases of the Russian Ministry of Health, 127473 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 14;23(12):6645. doi: 10.3390/ijms23126645.
The virucidal activity of a series of cationic surfactants differing in the length and number of hydrophobic tails (at the same hydrophilic head) and the structure of the hydrophilic head (at the same length of the hydrophobic n-alkyl tail) was compared. It was shown that an increase in the length and number of hydrophobic tails, as well as the presence of a benzene ring in the surfactant molecule, enhance the virucidal activity of the surfactant against SARS-CoV-2. This may be due to the more pronounced ability of such surfactants to penetrate and destroy the phospholipid membrane of the virus. Among the cationic surfactants studied, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide was shown to be the most efficient as a disinfectant, its 50% effective concentration (EC50) being equal to 0.016 mM. Two surfactants (didodecyldimethylammonium bromide and benzalkonium chloride) can deactivate SARS-CoV-2 in as little as 5 s.
研究了一系列不同疏水尾（亲水头部相同）长度和数量以及亲水头部结构（疏水 n- 烷基尾部长度相同）的阳离子表面活性剂的病毒杀灭活性。结果表明，疏水尾长度和数量的增加以及表面活性剂分子中苯环的存在，增强了表面活性剂对 SARS-CoV-2 的病毒杀灭活性。这可能是由于此类表面活性剂更能穿透和破坏病毒的磷脂膜。在所研究的阳离子表面活性剂中，双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵作为消毒剂的效率最高，其 50%有效浓度（EC50）等于 0.016mM。两种表面活性剂（双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵和苯扎氯铵）可在 5 秒内使 SARS-CoV-2 失活。
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