Vandersteen Clair, Payne Magali, Dumas Louise-Émilie, Cancian Élisa, Plonka Alexandra, D'Andréa Grégoire, Chirio David, Demonchy Élisa, Risso Karine, Askenazy-Gittard Florence, Savoldelli Charles, Guevara Nicolas, Robert Philippe, Castillo Laurent, Manera Valeria, Gros Auriane
Institut Universitaire de la Face et du Cou, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Université Côte d'Azur, 31 Avenue de Valombrose, 06100 Nice, France.
Laboratoire CoBTeK, Université Côte d'Azur, 06100 Nice, France.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 8;11(12):3275. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123275.
(1) Background: Persistent post-viral olfactory disorders (PPVOD) are estimated at 30% of patients one year after COVID-19 infection. No treatment is, to date, significantly effective on PPVOD with the exception of olfactory training (OT). The main objective of this work was to evaluate OT efficiency on post-COVID-19 PPVOD. (2) Methods: Consecutive patients consulting to the ENT department with post-COVID-19 PPVOD were included after completing clinical examination, the complete Sniffin’ Stick Test (TDI), the short version of the Questionnaire of olfactory disorders and the SF-36. Patients were trained to practice a self-olfactory training with a dedicated olfactory training kit twice a day for 6 months before returning to undergo the same assessments. (3) Results: Forty-three patients were included and performed 3.5 months of OT in average. We observed a significant TDI score improvement, increasing from 24.7 (±8.9) before the OT to 30.9 (±9.8) (p < 0.001). Based on normative data, a significant increase in the number of normosmic participants was observed only for the threshold values (p < 0.001). Specific and general olfaction-related quality of life improved after the OT. (4) Conclusions: Olfactory function appeared to improve only in peripheral aspects of post-COVID-19 PPVOD after OT. Future controlled studies must be performed to confirm the OT role and justify new therapeutic strategies that may focus on the central aspects of post-COVID-19 PPVOD.
（1）背景：据估计，新冠病毒感染后一年，持续性病毒后嗅觉障碍（PPVOD）在患者中的发生率为30%。迄今为止，除嗅觉训练（OT）外，没有其他治疗方法对PPVOD有显著疗效。这项研究的主要目的是评估OT对新冠病毒感染后PPVOD的疗效。（2）方法：连续的新冠病毒感染后出现PPVOD并到耳鼻喉科就诊的患者，在完成临床检查、完整的嗅觉棒测试（TDI）、嗅觉障碍问卷简版和SF-36后被纳入研究。患者接受训练，使用专门的嗅觉训练套件每天进行两次自我嗅觉训练，持续6个月，之后再次接受相同评估。（3）结果：纳入43例患者，平均进行了3.5个月的OT。我们观察到TDI评分有显著改善，从OT前的24.7（±8.9）提高到30.9（±9.8）（p<0.001）。根据标准数据，仅在阈值方面观察到嗅觉正常参与者的数量有显著增加（p<0.001）。OT后，与嗅觉相关的特定和总体生活质量得到改善。（4）结论：OT后，新冠病毒感染后PPVOD的嗅觉功能似乎仅在周围方面有所改善。未来必须进行对照研究，以证实OT的作用，并为可能侧重于新冠病毒感染后PPVOD中枢方面的新治疗策略提供依据。
