Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Canada.
Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Adolesc. 2022 Aug;94(6):811-828. doi: 10.1002/jad.12065. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
Maternal characteristics and mother-adolescent relationships are thought to affect the emotional development of adolescents. Adolescents can learn to regulate their emotions by observing their mothers, and this is further facilitated by maternal autonomy support. Therefore, this study longitudinally examined the associations among maternal emotion dysregulation, maternal autonomy support, and adolescent emotion dysregulation.
Participants were 466 Dutch adolescents (54.51% males; M = 14.03, SD = 0.45) and 462 mothers (M = 45.49, SD = 4.47), who completed self-reports of emotion dysregulation and maternal autonomy support for five consecutive years.
Random Intercept-Cross Lagged Panel Model analyses showed that at the between-family level, maternal emotion dysregulation was correlated with adolescent emotion dysregulation, adolescent-reported maternal autonomy support, and mother-reported maternal autonomy support; and adolescent emotion dysregulation was correlated with adolescent-reported maternal autonomy support. At the within-family level, higher than usual maternal emotion dysregulation was positively related to adolescent emotion dysregulation at Time 1, yet, was negatively related to adolescent emotion dysregulation at other time points concurrently, and predicted lower adolescent emotion dysregulation in the next year. Also, higher than usual adolescent emotion dysregulation was related to lower adolescent-reported maternal autonomy support both concurrently and the next year.
Both mothers and adolescents played an important role in adolescent emotional development. To promote adolescent emotional development, it is important to target both maternal emotion dysregulation to understand the development of adolescent emotion dysregulation, and adolescent emotion dysregulation to prevent mothers from providing less autonomy support to their adolescents.
母亲的特征和母子关系被认为会影响青少年的情绪发展。青少年可以通过观察母亲来学习调节情绪，而母亲的自主性支持则进一步促进了这一点。因此，本研究从纵向角度考察了母亲情绪失调、母亲自主性支持与青少年情绪失调之间的关联。
研究对象为 466 名荷兰青少年（男生占 54.51%；M = 14.03，SD = 0.45）和 462 名母亲（M = 45.49，SD = 4.47），他们连续五年完成了情绪失调和母亲自主性支持的自我报告。
随机截距-交叉滞后面板模型分析表明，在家庭间水平上，母亲的情绪失调与青少年的情绪失调、青少年报告的母亲自主性支持和母亲报告的母亲自主性支持呈正相关；青少年的情绪失调与青少年报告的母亲自主性支持呈正相关。在家庭内水平上，高于通常水平的母亲情绪失调与青少年在第 1 次的情绪失调呈正相关，但与其他时间点的青少年情绪失调呈负相关，且预测了青少年下一年情绪失调的降低。此外，高于通常水平的青少年情绪失调与青少年报告的母亲自主性支持呈负相关，无论是在同期还是下一年。
母亲和青少年在青少年情绪发展中都起着重要作用。为了促进青少年的情绪发展，既要关注母亲的情绪失调以了解青少年情绪失调的发展，也要关注青少年的情绪失调以防止母亲对青少年提供较少的自主性支持。
