Eroglu Ozkan Esra, Ersoy Ezgi, Yesil Canturk Yeter, Mataraci Kara Emel, Cinar Ercan, Sahin Hasan, Karahan Selim, Karaca Sancaktepe Kubra, Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah, Boga Mehmet
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 9;13:923063. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.923063. eCollection 2022.
Thyme has been used for various therapeutic purposes in many different cultures, which makes it one of the most riveting medicinal plants throughout history. From its beneficial effects on the respiratory tract or the gastrointestinal system, to its unique skin-related activities, the investigation of the medicinal properties of thyme has always been an alluring topic for researchers aiming to develop conventional medications from this traditional herb. With an incentive to contribute to the extensive thyme research, three L. species namely Hub-Mor. & Jalas (endemic), subsp. (Ronniger) Jalas, and Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak from Turkey were deeply investigated within this study. The analysis of the phytochemical constituents of the extracts was conducted by LC-MS/MS. 12 biologically important secondary metabolites (-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid, quinic acid, fumaric acid, vanillin, malic acid, rutin, apigenin, naringenin, and nicotiflorin) were detected in all extracts. Their total phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated (11.15 ± 0.17-61.12 ± 2.59 μg PEs/mg extract, 2.53 ± 0.04-40.28 ± 0.92 μg QEs/mg extract, respectively), and the antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging and CUPRAC activity methods, accordingly, the extracts were shown to possess significant antioxidant activity. Among them, Hub-Mor. & Jalas was the most active with IC values of 34.97 ± 1.00 μg/ml and 9.98 ± 0.04 μg/ml regarding the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, respectively, and an A value of 5.80 ± 0.02 μg/ml according to CUPRAC activity method. Their anticholinesterase, antityrosinase, and antiurease activities were also tested, Hub-Mor. & Jalas (35.61 ± 1.20%) and Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak aerial part extract (33.49 ± 1.39%) exhibited moderate antibutyrylcholinesterase activity at 200 μg/ml concentration. The results of the cell viability assay indicated that the extracts demonstrated moderate-to-low cytotoxicity on A498 human renal cell lines. Furthermore, all studied extracts exerted noteworthy antimicrobial activity, especially against (MIC values: 19.53-78.12 μg/ml). The presented data substantiates the use of thyme extracts as therapeutic agents in both ethnomedicine and conventional therapies.
百里香在许多不同文化中都被用于各种治疗目的，这使其成为历史上最引人入胜的药用植物之一。从其对呼吸道或胃肠道系统的有益作用，到其独特的与皮肤相关的活性，对百里香药用特性的研究一直是旨在从这种传统草药开发传统药物的研究人员感兴趣的话题。为了推动对百里香的广泛研究，本研究深入调查了来自土耳其的三种百里香属植物，即Hub-Mor. & Jalas（特有种）、subsp. （Ronniger）Jalas和Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak。通过LC-MS/MS对提取物的植物化学成分进行了分析。在所有提取物中均检测到12种具有生物学重要性的次生代谢物（对香豆酸、咖啡酸、水杨酸、奎宁酸、富马酸、香草醛、苹果酸、芦丁、芹菜素、柚皮素和烟花苷）。计算了它们的总酚和黄酮含量（分别为11.15±0.17 - 61.12±2.59μg PEs/mg提取物、2.53±0.04 - 40.28±0.92μg QEs/mg提取物），并通过DPPH和ABTS自由基清除以及CUPRAC活性方法评估了提取物的抗氧化潜力，结果表明提取物具有显著的抗氧化活性。其中，Hub-Mor. & Jalas在DPPH和ABTS自由基清除试验中的IC值分别为34.97±1.00μg/ml和9.98±0.04μg/ml，根据CUPRAC活性方法其A值为5.80±0.02μg/ml，是活性最高的。还测试了它们的抗胆碱酯酶、抗酪氨酸酶和抗脲酶活性，Hub-Mor. & Jalas（35.61±1.20%）和Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak地上部分提取物（33.49±1.39%）在200μg/ml浓度下表现出中等的抗丁酰胆碱酯酶活性。细胞活力测定结果表明，提取物对A498人肾细胞系表现出中度至低度的细胞毒性。此外，所有研究的提取物都具有显著的抗菌活性，尤其是对（MIC值：19.53 - 78.12μg/ml）。所呈现的数据证实了百里香提取物在民族医学和传统疗法中作为治疗剂的用途。
