National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Region Xuanwu, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2022 Jul 6;22(1):172. doi: 10.1186/s12866-022-02498-x.
An increased level of the dietary protein alters the colonic microbial community and metabolic profile of pigs, but it remains unclear whether this leads to colonic inflammation and impairs barrier function in growing pigs.
Sixteen pigs (35.2 ± 0.3 kg) were infused with sterile saline (control) or soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) (70 g/day) through a duodenal fistula twice daily during a 15-day experimental period. The SPH treatment did not affect their average daily feed intake and daily weight gain (P > 0.05), but reduced colon index and length (P < 0.05). Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that species richness was increased following SPH intervention (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SPH reduced the abundance of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria-such as Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Lachnospiraceae_uncultured, Coprococcus 3, Lachnospiraceae UCG-002, and Anaerovibrio-and increased the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria and protein-fermenting bacteria, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Dialister, Veillonella, Prevotella, Candidatus Saccharimonas, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-006, Prevotellaceae_uncultured, and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 (P < 0.05). In addition, a lower content of total short-chain fatty acids, propionate, and butyrate and a higher concentration of cadaverine, putrescine, total biogenic amines, ammonia, and isovalerate were observed following SPH infusion (P < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that SPH increased the concentration of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in the colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). Interestingly, SPH intervention increased the expression of occludin, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, and claudin-1 in colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that different genera were significantly related to the production of metabolites and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
An increased soy protein level in the small intestine altered the colonic microbial composition and metabolic profile, which resulted in the secretion of colonic proinflammatory cytokines and the increased expression of tight junction proteins.
增加膳食蛋白质水平会改变猪的结肠微生物群落和代谢谱，但尚不清楚这是否会导致结肠炎症并损害生长猪的屏障功能。
16 头猪（35.2±0.3kg）在 15 天的实验期间，每天通过十二指肠瘘管两次输注无菌生理盐水（对照）或大豆蛋白水解物（SPH）（70g/天）。SPH 处理不会影响其平均日采食量和日增重（P>0.05），但会降低结肠指数和长度（P<0.05）。Illumina MiSeq 测序显示，SPH 干预后物种丰富度增加（P<0.05）。此外，SPH 降低了丁酸和丙酸产生菌的丰度，如 Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 组、Lachnospiraceae_uncultured、Coprococcus 3、Lachnospiraceae UCG-002 和 Anaerovibrio，同时增加了潜在致病性细菌和蛋白发酵细菌的丰度，如 Escherichia-Shigella、Dialister、Veillonella、Prevotella、Candidatus Saccharimonas、Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-006、Prevotellaceae_uncultured 和 Prevotellaceae UCG-003（P<0.05）。此外，SPH 输注后总短链脂肪酸、丙酸和丁酸含量降低，尸胺、腐胺、总生物胺、氨和异戊酸浓度升高（P<0.05）。进一步分析表明，SPH 增加了结肠黏膜中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6 和 IL-8 的浓度（P<0.05）。有趣的是，SPH 干预增加了结肠黏膜中紧密连接蛋白 occludin、zonula occludens（ZO）-1 和 claudin-1 的表达（P<0.05）。相关性分析表明，不同属与代谢产物的产生和促炎细胞因子的浓度有显著相关性。
小肠中大豆蛋白水平的增加改变了结肠微生物组成和代谢谱，导致结肠促炎细胞因子的分泌和紧密连接蛋白表达增加。
