Zhang Jianfen, Zhang Na, Du Songming, Liu Shufang, Ma Guansheng
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jun 20;9:880630. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.880630. eCollection 2022.
Insufficient intake of water may influence the balance of water in the human body. In this study, we explore the impacts of water supplementation on body composition indices among young adults after 12 h of water restriction, with the aim to determine the optimum volume of water for improving body water composition. A randomized controlled trial study was conducted among 64 young men and women in Baoding, China. After fasting overnight for 12 h, anthropometric measurements and urine and blood samples were collected as a baseline test at 8:00 a.m. of Day 2. Body composition was determined by measuring the ECW (extracellular water), ICW (intracellular water), and TBW (total body water) through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The participants were randomly divided into four groups, including water supplementation (WS) groups 1, 2, and 3, with 500, 200, and 100 mL of water, respectively, and a no water supplementation (NW) group. After 90 min, they were reassessed in a rehydration test (at 10:00 a.m. of Day 2). Repeated measurement ANOVA was used to assess the impact of water supplementation on body composition. Comparing the baseline and rehydration tests, interactions between time and volume were not significant among the men (all > 0.05). Among women, a significant interaction was only found in ECW ( = 0.043), with TBW tending toward being significant ( = 0.055). Comparing the baseline and rehydration tests, the ECW in WS group 1, WS group 3, and the NW group all decreased ( = 0.028, = 0.001, and = 0.029), with reductions of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.2 kg, respectively; however, no significant decrease was observed in WS group 2 ( = 0.329). Furthermore, comparing the WS groups with the NW group in the rehydration test, the differences were not significant ( = 1.000, = 1.000, and = 0.288, respectively). Between men and women within groups, all of the body composition indices differed significantly, both at baseline and rehydration tests (all < 0.05). Water supplementation led to changes in the distribution of the water content in young female adults in this study-but not men-after 12 h of water restriction, with no decrease in ECW. Finally, we found that 200 mL was the minimum volume capable of improving the water content distribution in participants in this study.
[www.chictr.org.cn], identifier [ChiCTR-IOR-17011568].
水分摄入不足可能会影响人体的水平衡。在本研究中，我们探讨了补水对限制饮水12小时后的年轻成年人身体成分指标的影响，旨在确定改善身体水分组成的最佳水量。在中国保定对64名年轻男性和女性进行了一项随机对照试验研究。在禁食过夜12小时后，于第2天上午8:00进行人体测量以及采集尿液和血液样本作为基线测试。通过生物电阻抗分析（BIA）测量细胞外液（ECW）、细胞内液（ICW）和总体水（TBW）来确定身体成分。参与者被随机分为四组，包括补水（WS）组1、2和3，分别补充500、200和100 mL水，以及一个不补水（NW）组。90分钟后，在补液测试中（第2天上午10:00）对他们进行重新评估。采用重复测量方差分析来评估补水对身体成分的影响。比较基线测试和补液测试，男性组中时间和水量之间的交互作用不显著（均>0.05）。在女性中，仅在细胞外液（P = 0.043）中发现显著交互作用，总体水有趋于显著的趋势（P = 0.055）。比较基线测试和补液测试，WS组1、WS组3和NW组的细胞外液均减少（P = 0.028、P = 0.001和P = 0.029），分别减少0.1、0.3和0.2 kg；然而，WS组2未观察到显著下降（P = 0.329）。此外，在补液测试中比较WS组和NW组，差异不显著（分别为P = 1.000、P = 1.000和P = 0.288）。在组内男性和女性之间，在基线测试和补液测试时，所有身体成分指标均有显著差异（均<0.05）。在本研究中，补水导致限制饮水12小时后的年轻成年女性而非男性的水分含量分布发生变化，且细胞外液没有减少。最后，我们发现200 mL是能够改善本研究参与者水分含量分布的最小水量。
