Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Postgraduate Medical School, Czech Republic.
Otolaryngol Pol. 2021 Dec 22;76(3):32-38. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6493.
<b>Aim:</b> The aim was to compare hearing loss between men and women over 65 in pure tone audiometry and to evaluate the sensitivity of the abbreviated version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory (HHIE-S). This questionnaire highlights hearing handicaps in understanding speech. </br></br><b> Materials and Methods:</b> The data was collected in the years 2011-2015 from respondents above 18 years of age using a standar-dized HHIE-S questionnaire and specialized tests. The cohort was divided into groups based on the severity of hearing loss in the better ear according to the World Health Organization (WHO) as measured by tone threshold audiometry at 500 Hertz (Hz), 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz. </br></br> <b> Results:</b> Of the 7070 people (61.8% female and 38.2% male), 68.93% had hearing impairment. Most people had a slight he-aring loss. Based on HHIE-S, 56.94% reported impaired hearing. A statistically significant difference was found between the genders, but according to HHIE-S, females with impaired hearing were not statistically significantly more numerous than males. The diagnostic sensitivity of the HHIE-S was assessed in particular by its sensitivity (75.43%) and specificity (82.53%). The probability that a person has a hearing impairment when the HHIE-S test is positive is 90.21%. </br></br> <b> Conclusions:</b> The HHIE-S is fast, inexpensive and short, and can be included as a screening test for hearing impairment in ca-ring for the elderly. Even a minor hearing impairment can be a significant handicap in elderly patients by restricting not only social interactions but also weakening mental functioning.
<b>目的：</b>本研究旨在比较 65 岁以上男性和女性在纯音测听中的听力损失，并评估简化版听力障碍问卷（HHIE-S）的敏感性。该问卷突出了理解言语方面的听力障碍。</br></br><b>材料与方法：</b>该研究的数据于 2011 年至 2015 年期间通过标准化的 HHIE-S 问卷和专业测试从 18 岁以上的受访者中收集。该队列根据世界卫生组织（WHO）通过 500Hz（Hz）、1000Hz、2000Hz 和 4000Hz 音调阈值测听测量的较好耳听力损失严重程度分为以下几组：轻度、中度、重度和极重度。</br></br> <b>结果：</b>在 7070 名参与者中（61.8%为女性，38.2%为男性），68.93%存在听力障碍。大多数人存在轻度听力损失。根据 HHIE-S，56.94%的人报告听力受损。男女之间存在统计学上的显著差异，但根据 HHIE-S，听力受损的女性数量并不明显多于男性。HHIE-S 的诊断敏感性尤其通过其敏感性（75.43%）和特异性（82.53%）来评估。当 HHIE-S 测试呈阳性时，某人患有听力障碍的概率为 90.21%。</br></br> <b>结论：</b>HHIE-S 快速、廉价且简短，可以作为老年人听力障碍的筛查测试。即使是轻度听力障碍也可能对老年患者造成显著的障碍，不仅限制社交互动，还削弱心理功能。
