Masic Izet, Naser Nabil, Kapetanovic Aida, Salihefendic Nizama, Zildzic Muharem
Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Polyclinic "Dr. Nabil", Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mater Sociomed. 2022 Mar;34(1):70-79. doi: 10.5455/msm.2022.33.70-79.
We could say that traditional healing is a way of healing that has been common since ancient times. It has been passed down from generation to generation for many centuries. Magic medicine, although not approved by any of the monotheistic religions present in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and strictly prohibited by Islam, in the form of various magical acts and spells, exists among the people. Some of these magical practices have their roots in the pre-Christian Slavic period and earlier.
The aim of this article was to provide the review of the traditional medicine during the history and today in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Review of the available literature, personal contacts and personal experience in contact with the traditional medcine.
Some of these magical practices have their roots in the pre-Christian Slavic period and earlier. Since the cause of the disease was usually associated with evil beings of supernatural powers, a deity or God's will or punishment, it is understandable that priests have long been engaged in healing. Especially in the mentally ill, there seemed to be a certain divine or demonic origin of the disease. Muslim folk medicine divides diseases into two groups; in fevers and obsessions with unclean spirits. Folk medicine knows the healing properties of herbs and other substances of animal or mineral origin. The medicinal properties of simple foods that can be found in every home are also widely used, such as: milk, honey, vinegar, oil, onion, and garlic. Prescription books, known as "ljekaruše", were created by collecting and writing down folk remedies. They were written mostly by Catholic priests. "Witch doctors" or "healers" have been preserved in Orthodox monasteries.
Traditional medicine is important for history of medicine, ethnology, anthropology, and abounds in folklore elements. It is an area that leads to knowing, understanding or feeling the very nucleus of a nation.
我们可以说传统疗法是一种自古就很常见的治疗方式。它已经传承了许多个世纪。魔法医学虽然未得到波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那任何一神教的认可，且被伊斯兰教严格禁止，但以各种魔法行为和咒语的形式在民间存在。其中一些魔法做法可追溯到前基督教时期的斯拉夫时期及更早。
本文旨在回顾波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那历史上及当今的传统医学。
回顾现有文献、个人联系以及与传统医学接触的个人经历。
其中一些魔法做法可追溯到前基督教时期的斯拉夫时期及更早。由于疾病的起因通常与超自然力量的邪恶存在、神灵或上帝的意志或惩罚相关，所以神职人员长期从事治疗工作就可以理解了。尤其是在精神疾病方面，疾病似乎有某种神圣或恶魔的起源。穆斯林民间医学将疾病分为两类：发热类和被不洁灵魂附身类。民间医学知晓草药及其他动植物或矿物来源物质的治疗特性。每个家庭都能找到的简单食物的药用特性也被广泛使用，比如：牛奶、蜂蜜、醋、油、洋葱和大蒜。被称为“ljekaruše”的药方集是通过收集和记录民间疗法而编成的。它们大多由天主教牧师编写。“巫医”或“治疗者”在东正教修道院中留存了下来。
传统医学对医学史、民族学、人类学很重要，且充满民俗元素。它是一个能让人了解、理解或感受一个民族核心的领域。
