Dudley Matthew Z, Schwartz Benjamin, Brewer Janesse, Kan Lilly, Bernier Roger, Gerber Jennifer E, Ni Haley Budigan, Proveaux Tina M, Rimal Rajiv N, Salmon Daniel A
Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 28;11(13):3734. doi: 10.3390/jcm11133734.
Background: The Delta COVID-19 variant caused a resurgence in cases and deaths during the summer of 2021, particularly among the unvaccinated, highlighting the need to increase vaccine coverage. We describe a survey conducted in September 2021, in the midst of the Delta variant surge, after the FDA fully approved Pfizer-BioNTech’s vaccine for ages 16+ and issued an emergency use authorization for ages 12−15. Methods and Findings: US adults were surveyed to measure COVID-19 vaccination status, intentions, attitudes, values, and trust in public health authorities. More than three-quarters (77%) reported receiving at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Of the unvaccinated, 6% intended to vaccinate, 40% were unlikely to ever vaccinate, and 55% remained uncertain. Most of the unvaccinated were <45 years old (62%), without a bachelor’s degree (83%), earning less than $85,000 annually (74%), and Republican/Independent (66%). Concerns among the unvaccinated-yet-still-uncertain included the vaccines’ safety (86%), speed of development (86%), and suspicion of government (79%) and pharmaceutical companies (69%). Most (86%) of the unvaccinated reported they would not vaccinate if mandated by their employer. About one third (34%) of the unvaccinated reported facing at least one barrier to vaccination. Conclusion: More than half of unvaccinated adults remained uncertain about COVID-19 vaccination, indicating an opportunity to support their decision making. Public health must increase easy and equitable access to vaccination and renew efforts to provide unvaccinated populations access to information from trusted sources.
2021年夏季，新冠病毒德尔塔变种导致病例和死亡人数再度激增，尤其是在未接种疫苗人群中，这凸显了提高疫苗接种覆盖率的必要性。我们描述了一项于2021年9月进行的调查，当时正值德尔塔变种激增期间，此前美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已全面批准辉瑞-生物科技公司的疫苗用于16岁及以上人群，并发布了针对12至15岁人群的紧急使用授权。
对美国成年人进行了调查，以衡量新冠疫苗接种状况、接种意愿、态度、价值观以及对公共卫生当局的信任度。超过四分之三（77%）的受访者表示至少接种了一剂新冠疫苗。在未接种疫苗的人群中，6%打算接种，40%不太可能接种，55%仍不确定。大多数未接种疫苗的人年龄小于45岁（62%），没有学士学位（83%），年收入低于85000美元（74%），并且是共和党人/独立人士（66%）。未接种但仍不确定的人群所担心的问题包括疫苗安全性（86%）、研发速度（86%）以及对政府（79%）和制药公司（69%）的怀疑。大多数（86%）未接种疫苗的人表示，如果雇主强制要求接种，他们不会接种。约三分之一（34%）未接种疫苗的人表示至少面临一项接种障碍。
超过一半的未接种疫苗成年人对新冠疫苗接种仍不确定，这表明有机会帮助他们做出决策。公共卫生部门必须增加接种疫苗的便捷性和公平性，并重新努力为未接种疫苗人群提供来自可靠来源的信息。
