Department of Health Sciences, Central Washington University, 400 E University Way, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA.
School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 5, Ethiopia.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 22;14(13):2580. doi: 10.3390/nu14132580.
Aflatoxins are mycotoxins that can contaminate grains, legumes, and oil seeds. These toxic compounds are an especially serious problem in tropical and sub-tropical climates. The objective of this study was to raise awareness of aflatoxin exposure among primary school children in Shebedino woreda, southern Ethiopia, by measuring urinary aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). The study employed a cross-sectional design and systematic random sampling of children from eight schools in the district. The mean ± SD age of the children was 9.0 ± 1.8 years. Most (84.6%) households were food insecure with 17.9% severely food insecure. Urinary AFM1 was detected in more than 93% of the children. The median [IQR] concentration of AFM1/Creat was 480 [203, 1085] pg/mg. Based on a multiple regression analysis: DDS, consumption of haricot bean or milk, source of drinking water, maternal education, and household food insecurity access scale scores were significantly associated with urinary AFM1/Creat. In conclusion, a high prevalence of urinary AFM1 was observed in this study. However, the relation between AFM1 and dietary intake was analyzed based on self-reported dietary data; hence, all of the staple foods as well as animal feeds in the study area should be assessed for aflatoxin contamination.
黄曲霉毒素是一种可以污染谷物、豆类和油籽的真菌毒素。这些有毒化合物在热带和亚热带气候中是一个特别严重的问题。本研究的目的是通过测量尿中黄曲霉毒素 M1（AFM1）来提高埃塞俄比亚南部 Shebedino woreda 小学生对黄曲霉毒素暴露的认识。该研究采用横断面设计和系统随机抽样方法，从该地区的 8 所学校中抽取儿童。儿童的平均年龄±标准差为 9.0±1.8 岁。大多数（84.6%）家庭处于粮食不安全状态，其中 17.9%处于严重粮食不安全状态。超过 93%的儿童尿液中检测到 AFM1。AFM1/Creat 的中位数[IQR]浓度为 480[203,1085]pg/mg。基于多元回归分析：DDS、食用红豆或牛奶、饮用水来源、母亲教育和家庭粮食不安全获取量表评分与尿 AFM1/Creat 显著相关。总之，本研究观察到儿童尿液中 AFM1 含量较高。然而，AFM1 与饮食摄入之间的关系是基于自我报告的饮食数据进行分析的；因此，应评估研究区域的所有主食以及动物饲料是否受到黄曲霉毒素污染。
