Executive Dean's Office, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa.
Department of Psychology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa.
BMC Psychol. 2022 Jul 15;10(1):173. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00885-7.
Catatonia is a severe psychomotor disorder that presents as abnormality of movement which may also be excessive or severely slowed. It often inhibits communication when protracted or severe. In this study we investigated the emotive and cognitive experience of patients with catatonia during a prevalence study in an acute mental health unit from August 2020 to September 2021. The value of this study is the addition of the inner and often unexplored cognitive and emotive experience of patients in the description of the catatonic state, which lends an additional dimension to complement the medical and psychopathological descriptors that have been the focus of most studies on catatonia.
Ethical approval was received from the Nelson Mandela University Human Research Committee and convenience sampling was undertaken to recruit participants admitted into an acute mental health unit with catatonia, four to eight weeks after discharge, following admission. The BFCSI and BFCRS and a pre-designed data collection sheet were used to assess n = 241 participants, and collect data on descriptions of thoughts, feelings, and behaviours they experienced during the catatonic episode.
Forty-four (18.3%) of the total 241 participants who were assessed had catatonia. Thirty (68.2%) of the 44 participants with catatonia provided data on their experience of catatonia. Twenty-three were males (76.7% of 30) and seven were females (23.3% of 30). All were within the age range of 17 to 65 years. The dominant themes of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors described centered around yearning for or missing loved ones, heightened fear, intense anxiety, negative affect, aggression, obedience, and withdrawal.
The common themes that emerged from this study were overwhelming anxiety, fear, and depression. These were found to occur frequently in patients with catatonia when describing their psychological experience. These experiences may possibly relate to the flight, fight, freeze and fawn response, as described in prior studies on the subjective experience of catatonia.
Not applicable.
紧张症是一种严重的精神运动障碍，表现为运动异常，可能过度或严重减慢。当持续或严重时，它经常会抑制交流。在这项研究中，我们调查了 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 9 月期间在一个急性心理健康病房进行的患病率研究中患有紧张症的患者的情感和认知体验。这项研究的价值在于，在描述紧张症状态时，增加了患者通常未被探索的内在认知和情感体验，为补充大多数紧张症研究关注的医学和精神病理学描述符提供了一个额外的维度。
我们从纳尔逊·曼德拉大学人类研究委员会获得了伦理批准，并采用便利抽样法招募了在急性心理健康病房住院并患有紧张症的患者，在他们出院后四到八周时进行评估。我们使用 BFCSI 和 BFCRS 以及预先设计的数据收集表评估了 241 名参与者，并收集了他们在紧张症发作期间经历的思想、感受和行为描述的数据。
在评估的 241 名患者中，有 44 名（18.3%）患有紧张症。在 44 名患有紧张症的患者中，有 30 名（68.2%）提供了他们紧张症发作时的体验数据。30 名参与者中有 23 名男性（76.7%），7 名女性（23.3%）。所有参与者的年龄均在 17 至 65 岁之间。描述的思想、感受和行为的主要主题集中在渴望或想念亲人、高度恐惧、强烈焦虑、负性情绪、攻击性、顺从性和退缩性。
从这项研究中出现的共同主题是压倒性的焦虑、恐惧和抑郁。在描述他们的心理体验时，紧张症患者经常出现这些情绪。这些体验可能与之前关于紧张症主观体验的研究中描述的逃避、战斗、冻结和讨好反应有关。
不适用。
