Hussen Bashdar Mahmud, Kheder Ramiar Kamal, Abdullah Sara Tharwat, Hidayat Hazha Jamal, Rahman Heshu Sulaiman, Salihi Abbas, Taheri Mohammad, Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil , Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq.
Cancer Cell Int. 2022 Jul 21;22(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s12935-022-02653-4.
Breast cancer (BC) represents aggressive cancer affecting most women's lives globally. Metastasis and recurrence are the two most common factors in a breast cancer patient's poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cells that are able to self-renew and differentiate, which is a significant factor in metastasis and recurrence of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) describe a group of RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and do not have the ability to code for proteins. Some of these lncRNAs can be mainly produced in various tissues and tumor forms. In the development and spread of malignancies, lncRNAs have a significant role in influencing multiple signaling pathways positively or negatively, making them promise useful diagnostic and prognostic markers in treating the disease and guiding clinical therapy. However, it is not well known how the interaction of lncRNAs with CSCs will affect cancer development and progression.Here, in this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings that focus on lncRNAs affect cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in breast cancer development and progression, as well as the strategies and challenges for overcoming lncRNA's therapeutic resistance.
乳腺癌（BC）是一种侵袭性癌症，影响着全球大多数女性的生活。转移和复发是导致乳腺癌患者预后不良的两个最常见因素。癌症干细胞（CSCs）是能够自我更新和分化的肿瘤细胞，这是癌症转移和复发的一个重要因素。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是一类长度超过200个核苷酸且没有蛋白质编码能力的RNA。其中一些lncRNAs主要在各种组织和肿瘤类型中产生。在恶性肿瘤的发生和发展过程中，lncRNAs在正向或负向影响多个信号通路方面发挥着重要作用，使其有望成为治疗该疾病和指导临床治疗的有用诊断和预后标志物。然而，lncRNAs与CSCs之间的相互作用如何影响癌症的发生和发展尚不清楚。在此综述中，我们试图总结近期的研究结果，这些研究聚焦于lncRNAs在乳腺癌发生和发展过程中对癌症干细胞自我更新和分化的影响，以及克服lncRNA治疗抗性的策略和挑战。
