Li J, Xiao Y, Liao J, Yang C
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2022 Jul 20;42(7):1038-1043. doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.11.
To understand the temporal trend of and the factors affecting depressive symptoms in Chinese menopausal women to provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.
CHARLS data were used to select menopausal women aged 45-60 years. Complete values of the key variables were screened and missing values were removed to obtain the cross-sectional data of the years 2011 (=4318), 2013 (=4200), 2015 (=3930), and 2018 (= 4147). The panel data were matched by the cross-sectional data, and a total of 5040 cases with complete record of the follow-up data were obtained for the 4 years to constitute a balanced short panel dataset with =1260 and T=4. The prevalence and temporal trend of depressive symptoms in the menopausal women were analyzed based on the panel data. The random-effects Logit model with a panel dichotomous choice model was used to explore the factors affecting depressive symptoms in the menopausal women.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the menopausal women calculated based on the panel data was 35.9%, 33.1%, 36.7% and 43.7% in the 4 years, respectively, showing no statistically significant changes in the temporal trend (APC=3.25%, =0.183). The results of the random-effects Logit model analysis showed that living in the urban area (OR=0.570, 95%: 0.457-0.710), a high education level (OR=0.759, 95%: 0.655-0.879), and having a spouse (OR=0.363, 95% : 0.236-0.558) were associated with a decreased incidence of depressive symptoms, while poor self-reported health (OR= 2.704, 95% : 2.152-3.396), disability (OR=1.457, 95%: 1.087-1.954), chronic disease (OR=1.407, 95% : 1.179-1.680), falls in the last two years (OR=2.028, 95% : 1.613-2.550), abnormal sleep duration (OR=2.249, 95% : 1.896-2.664), and dissatisfaction with life (OR=4.803, 95% : 3.757-6.140) were associated with an increased incidence of depressive symptoms.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms is relatively high in menopausal women in China. Measures should be taken to ensure that the menopausal women living in rural areas, with low education level, without spouse, with a poor self-reported health status, disability, chronic diseases, falls in recent two years, abnormal sleep time and dissatisfaction with life have access to psychological health care services and interventions.
了解中国绝经后女性抑郁症状的时间趋势及影响因素，为制定防治策略提供依据。
利用中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据选取45 - 60岁的绝经后女性。筛选关键变量的完整值并剔除缺失值，以获取2011年（n = 4318）、2013年（n = 4200）、2015年（n = 3930）和2018年（n = 4147）的横断面数据。将面板数据与横断面数据进行匹配，共获得4年随访数据记录完整的5040例病例，构成一个平衡的短面板数据集，其中n = 1260，T = 4。基于面板数据分析绝经后女性抑郁症状的患病率及时间趋势。采用面板二分选择模型的随机效应Logit模型探讨影响绝经后女性抑郁症状的因素。
基于面板数据计算的绝经后女性抑郁症状患病率在4年中分别为35.9%、33.1%、36.7%和43.7%，时间趋势无统计学显著变化（年度百分比变化率=3.25%，P = 0.183）。随机效应Logit模型分析结果显示，居住在城市地区（比值比=0.570，95%置信区间：0.457 - 0.710）、高教育水平（比值比=0.759，95%置信区间：0.655 - 0.879）和有配偶（比值比=0.363，95%置信区间：0.236 - 0.558）与抑郁症状发病率降低相关，而自我报告健康状况差（比值比=2.704，95%置信区间：2.152 - 3.396）、残疾（比值比=1.457，95%置信区间：1.087 - 1.954）、慢性病（比值比=1.407，95%置信区间：1.179 - 1.680）、过去两年内跌倒（比值比=2.028，95%置信区间：1.613 - 2.550）、睡眠时间异常（比值比=2.249，95%置信区间：1.896 - 2.664）和对生活不满意（比值比=4.803，95%置信区间：3.757 - 6.140）与抑郁症状发病率升高相关。
中国绝经后女性抑郁症状患病率较高。应采取措施确保农村地区、低教育水平、无配偶、自我报告健康状况差、残疾、患慢性病、过去两年内跌倒、睡眠时间异常及对生活不满意的绝经后女性能够获得心理健康保健服务和干预。
