BBIBP-CorV、BNT162b2和mRNA-1273疫苗在阿根廷奥密克戎疫情期间对儿童和青少年住院治疗的有效性：一项回顾性队列研究。
Effectiveness of BBIBP-CorV, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines against hospitalisations among children and adolescents during the Omicron outbreak in Argentina: A retrospective cohort study.
作者信息
González Soledad, Olszevicki Santiago, Gaiano Alejandra, Baino Ana Nina Varela, Regairaz Lorena, Salazar Martín, Pesci Santiago, Marín Lupe, Martínez Verónica V González, Varela Teresa, Ceriani Leticia, Garcia Enio, Kreplak Nicolás, Navarro Alexia, Estenssoro Elisa, Marsico Franco
机构信息
Ministry of Health of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Immunology Unit, Children's Hospital Sor Maria Ludovica, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
出版信息
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Sep;13:100316. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100316. Epub 2022 Jul 16.
BACKGROUND
Although paediatric clinical presentations of COVID-19 are usually less severe than in adults, serious illness and death have occurred. Many countries started the vaccination rollout of children in 2021; still, information about effectiveness in the real-world setting is scarce. The aim of our study was to evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-associated-hospitalisations in the 3-17-year population during the Omicron outbreak.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study including individuals aged 3-17 registered in the online vaccination system of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 were administered to 12-17-year subjects; and BBIBP-CorV to 3-11-year subjects. Vaccinated group had received a two-dose scheme by 12/1/2021. Unvaccinated group did not receive any COVID-19 vaccine between 12/14/2021 and 3/9/2022, which was the entire monitoring period. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-associated hospitalisations was calculated as (1-OR)x100.
FINDINGS
By 12/1/2021, 1,536,435 individuals aged 3-17 who had received zero or two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were included in this study. Of the latter, 1,440,389 were vaccinated and 96,046 not vaccinated. VE were 78.0%[68.7-84.2], 76.4%[62.9-84.5] and 80.0%[64.3-88.0] for the entire cohort, 3-11-year (BBIBP-CorV) subgroup and 12-17 (mRNA vaccines) subgroup, respectively. VE for the entire population was 82.7% during the period of Delta and Omicron overlapping circulation and decreased to 67.7% when Omicron was the only variant present.
INTERPRETATION
This report provides evidence of high vaccine protection against associated hospitalisations in the paediatric population during the Omicron outbreak but suggests a decrease of protection when Omicron became predominant. Application of a booster dose in children aged 3-11-year warrants further consideration.
FUNDING
None.
背景
尽管新冠病毒病（COVID-19）的儿科临床表现通常不如成人严重，但仍有严重疾病和死亡发生。许多国家于2021年开始为儿童接种疫苗；然而，关于实际环境中疫苗有效性的信息仍然匮乏。我们研究的目的是评估在奥密克戎毒株暴发期间，3至17岁人群中针对COVID-19相关住院治疗的疫苗有效性（VE）。
方法
我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省在线疫苗接种系统中登记的3至17岁个体。12至17岁的受试者接种了mRNA-1273和BNT162b2疫苗；3至11岁的受试者接种了BBIBP-CorV疫苗。接种组在2021年1月 / 12日之前已完成两剂接种方案。未接种组在2021年12月14日至2022年3月9日（即整个监测期）期间未接种任何COVID-19疫苗。针对COVID-19相关住院治疗的疫苗有效性（VE）计算为(1-OR)×100。
研究结果
截至2021年1月 / 12日，本研究纳入了1,536,435名3至17岁且接种了零剂或两剂严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗的个体。其中，1,440,389人接种了疫苗，96,046人未接种。整个队列、3至11岁（BBIBP-CorV）亚组和12至17岁（mRNA疫苗）亚组的疫苗有效性分别为78.0%[68.7-84.2]、76.4%[62.9-84.5]和80.0%[64.3-88.0]。在德尔塔和奥密克戎毒株重叠传播期间，整个人口的疫苗有效性为82.7%，当奥密克戎毒株成为唯一流行毒株时，该有效性降至67.7%。
解读
本报告提供了证据，表明在奥密克戎毒株暴发期间，疫苗对儿科人群相关住院治疗具有高度保护作用，但当奥密克戎毒株占主导地位时，保护作用有所下降。对于3至11岁儿童接种加强剂的应用值得进一步考虑。
资金来源
无。
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