Doroftei Bogdan, Ilie Ovidiu-Dumitru, Diaconu Roxana, Hutanu Delia, Stoian Irina, Ilea Ciprian
Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology "Cuza Voda", Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Jun 28;12(7):1576. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12071576.
Antenatal depression (AND) and post-partum depression (PPD) are long-term debilitating psychiatric disorders that significantly influence the composition of the gut flora of mothers and infants that starts from the intrauterine life. Not only does bacterial ratio shift impact the immune system, but it also increases the risk of potentially life-threatening disorders.
Therefore, we conducted a narrative mini-review aiming to gather all evidence published between 2018-2022 regarding microflora changes in all three stages of pregnancy.
We initially identified 47 potentially eligible studies, from which only 7 strictly report translocations; 3 were conducted on rodent models and 4 on human patients. The remaining studies were divided based on their topic, precisely focused on how probiotics, breastfeeding, diet, antidepressants, exogenous stressors, and plant-derived compounds modulate in a bidirectional way upon behavior and microbiota. Almost imperatively, dysbacteriosis cause cognitive impairments, reflected by abnormal temperament and personality traits that last up until 2 years old. Thankfully, a distinct technique that involves fecal matter transfer between individuals has been perfected over the years and was successfully translated into clinical practice. It proved to be a reliable approach in diminishing functional non- and gastrointestinal deficiencies, but a clear link between depressive women's gastrointestinal/vaginal microbiota and clinical outcomes following reproductive procedures is yet to be established. Another gut-dysbiosis-driving factor is antibiotics, known for their potential to trigger inflammation. Fortunately, the studies conducted on mice that lack microbiota offer, without a shadow of a doubt, insight.
It can be concluded that the microbiota is a powerful organ, and its optimum functionality is crucial, likely being the missing puzzle piece in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.
产前抑郁（AND）和产后抑郁（PPD）是长期使人衰弱的精神疾病，从子宫内生活开始就会显著影响母婴肠道菌群的组成。细菌比例的变化不仅会影响免疫系统，还会增加潜在危及生命疾病的风险。
因此，我们进行了一项叙述性小型综述，旨在收集2018年至2022年间发表的关于孕期三个阶段微生物群变化的所有证据。
我们最初确定了47项可能符合条件的研究，其中只有7项严格报告了易位情况；3项在啮齿动物模型上进行，4项在人类患者上进行。其余研究根据其主题进行了划分，具体聚焦于益生菌、母乳喂养、饮食、抗抑郁药、外源性应激源和植物衍生化合物如何双向调节行为和微生物群。几乎不可避免的是，菌群失调会导致认知障碍，表现为持续到2岁的异常气质和性格特征。值得庆幸的是，一种涉及个体间粪便转移的独特技术多年来已臻完善，并成功转化为临床实践。事实证明，这是一种减少功能性非胃肠道和胃肠道缺陷的可靠方法，但抑郁女性的胃肠道/阴道微生物群与生殖程序后的临床结果之间的明确联系尚未确立。另一个导致肠道菌群失调的因素是抗生素，其以引发炎症的潜力而闻名。幸运的是，对缺乏微生物群的小鼠进行的研究无疑提供了见解。
可以得出结论，微生物群是一个强大的器官，其最佳功能至关重要，可能是精神疾病病因学中缺失的拼图。
