Farkas Gary J, Burton Adam M, McMillan David W, Sneij Alicia, Gater David R
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Miami Miller, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
J Pers Med. 2022 Jun 30;12(7):1088. doi: 10.3390/jpm12071088.
Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) commonly present with component risk factors for cardiometabolic risk and combined risk factors for cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). These primary risk factors include obesity, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia/insulin resistance, and hypertension. Commonly referred to as "silent killers", cardiometabolic risk and CMS increase the threat of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death after SCI. This narrative review will examine current data and the etiopathogenesis of cardiometabolic risk, CMS, and cardiovascular disease associated with SCI, focusing on pivotal research on cardiometabolic sequelae from the last five years. The review will also provide current diagnosis and surveillance criteria for cardiometabolic disorders after SCI, a novel obesity classification system based on percent total body fat, and lifestyle management strategies to improve cardiometabolic health.
脊髓损伤（SCI）患者通常存在心血管代谢风险的组成危险因素以及心血管代谢综合征（CMS）的综合危险因素。这些主要危险因素包括肥胖、血脂异常、血糖异常/胰岛素抵抗和高血压。心血管代谢风险和CMS通常被称为“沉默杀手”，它们增加了心血管疾病的威胁，而心血管疾病是SCI后主要的死亡原因。本叙述性综述将研究与SCI相关的心血管代谢风险、CMS和心血管疾病的现有数据及发病机制，重点关注过去五年关于心血管代谢后遗症的关键研究。该综述还将提供SCI后心血管代谢紊乱的当前诊断和监测标准、基于全身脂肪百分比的新型肥胖分类系统以及改善心血管代谢健康的生活方式管理策略。
