Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Pathology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOPorto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
Cells. 2022 Jul 23;11(15):2279. doi: 10.3390/cells11152279.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that is caused by a highly contagious and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This infection started to spread across the world in 2019 and rapidly turned into a global pandemic, causing an urgent necessity for treatment strategies development. The mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can trigger an immune response, providing genetic information that allows the production of spike glycoproteins. MiRNAs play a crucial role in diverse key cellular processes, including antiviral defense. Several miRNAs are described as key factors in SARS-CoV-2 human infection through the regulation of ACE2 levels and by the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication and spike expression. Consequently, these molecules have been considered as highly promising biomarkers. In numerous human malignancies, it has been recognized that miRNAs expression is dysregulated. Since miRNAs can target SARS-CoV-2-associated mRNAs, in cancer patients, the deregulation of these molecules can impair the immune response to the vaccines. Therefore, in this review, we propose a miRNA profile of seven SARS-CoV-2-related miRNAs, namely miR-214, miR-98-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-15b-5p, that are deregulated in a high number of cancers and have the potential to be used as prognostic biomarkers to stratify cancer patients.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种由高度传染性和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的传染病。这种感染始于 2019 年在全球范围内传播，并迅速演变成全球大流行，迫切需要开发治疗策略。针对 SARS-CoV-2 的 mRNA 疫苗可以引发免疫反应，提供允许产生刺突糖蛋白的遗传信息。miRNA 在包括抗病毒防御在内的多种关键细胞过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。有几种 miRNA 通过调节 ACE2 水平以及抑制 SARS-CoV-2 复制和刺突表达，被描述为 SARS-CoV-2 人类感染的关键因素。因此，这些分子被认为是很有前途的生物标志物。在许多人类恶性肿瘤中，已经认识到 miRNA 的表达失调。由于 miRNA 可以靶向 SARS-CoV-2 相关的 mRNA，因此在癌症患者中，这些分子的失调可能会损害对疫苗的免疫反应。因此，在这篇综述中，我们提出了一个与 SARS-CoV-2 相关的七个 miRNA（miR-214、miR-98-5p、miR-7-5p、miR-24-3p、miR-145-5p、miR-223-3p 和 miR-15b-5p）的 miRNA 谱，这些 miRNA 在大量癌症中失调，并有可能作为预后生物标志物来对癌症患者进行分层。
