College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Street, Asharej, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 51900, United Arab Emirates.
Tomography. 2022 Jun 22;8(4):1649-1665. doi: 10.3390/tomography8040137.
Tuberculosis of the heart is relatively rare and presents a significant diagnostic difficulty for physicians. It is the leading cause of death from infectious illness. It is one of the top 10 leading causes of death worldwide, with a disproportionate impact in low- and middle-income nations. The radiologist plays a pivotal role as CMR is a non-invasive radiological method that can aid in identifying potential overlap and differential diagnosis between tuberculosis, mass lesions, pericarditis, and myocarditis. Regardless of similarities or overlap in observations, the combination of clinical and certain particular radiological features, which are also detected by comparison to earlier and follow-up CMR scans, may aid in the differential diagnosis. CMR offers a significant advantage over echocardiography for detecting, characterizing, and assessing cardiovascular abnormalities. In conjunction with clinical presentation, knowledge of LGE, feature tracking, and parametric imaging in CMR may help in the early detection of tuberculous myopericarditis and serve as a surrogate for endomyocardial biopsy resulting in a quicker diagnosis and therapy. This article aims to explain the current state of cardiac tuberculosis, the diagnostic utility of CMR in tuberculosis (TB) patients, and offer an overview of the various imaging and laboratory procedures used to detect cardiac tuberculosis.
心脏结核病相对较少见，对医生来说具有很大的诊断难度。它是传染病导致死亡的主要原因。它是全球十大死亡原因之一，在中低收入国家的影响尤为突出。放射科医生起着至关重要的作用，因为 CMR 是一种非侵入性的放射学方法，可以帮助识别结核病、肿块病变、心包炎和心肌炎之间的潜在重叠和鉴别诊断。无论观察结果有何相似或重叠，将临床和某些特定的放射学特征相结合，也可以通过与之前和后续的 CMR 扫描进行比较来检测，可能有助于鉴别诊断。与超声心动图相比，CMR 在检测、特征描述和评估心血管异常方面具有显著优势。结合临床表现，CMR 中的 LGE、特征追踪和参数成像知识可帮助早期发现结核性心肌心包炎，并作为心内膜心肌活检的替代物，从而更快地做出诊断和治疗。本文旨在解释当前心脏结核病的状况，CMR 在结核病（TB）患者中的诊断作用，并概述用于检测心脏结核病的各种影像学和实验室程序。
