Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Aug 9;22(1):1513. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13879-2.
Diet is considered as one of the modifiable factors that appears to exert a vital role in psychological status. In this way, we designed this study to examine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII), dietary antioxidant index (DAI), and mental health in female adolescents.
This cross-sectional study included 364 female adolescents selected from high schools in the five regions of Tabriz, Iran. A 3-day food record was used to extract the dietary data and calculate DII/DAI scores. DII and DAI were estimated to assess the odds of depression, anxiety, and stress based on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21. Adjusted relationships of the DII and DAI with depression, anxiety, and stress were determined using multiple regression after adjusting for age, energy intake, BMI, family income and mother and father education. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI)-for-age > + 1 z-score relative to world health organization standards.
Depression, anxiety, and stress were observed in 21.4%, 26.6%, and 25.7% of subjects, respectively. The percentage of overweight among adolescents was 19.4%. The association between DII and score of mental health profile was positive among subjects in the third tertile of DII compared to subjects in the first tertile. However, this association was not statistically significant after adjusting for confounding variables. Moreover, there was a significant inverse association between DAI and depression and anxiety; and a statistically insignificant association between DAI and stress after adjusting for confounders.
Our results highlighted the importance of a healthy and anti-inflammatory diet on mental health in female adolescents. Therefore, modifying unhealthy dietary habits are likely to be effective in the management of psychosocial disorders.
饮食被认为是一种可改变的因素，它似乎对心理状态起着至关重要的作用。因此，我们设计了这项研究，以检查女性青少年饮食炎症指数（DII）、饮食抗氧化指数（DAI）与心理健康之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了 364 名来自伊朗大不里士五个地区高中的女性青少年。使用 3 天的食物记录来提取饮食数据并计算 DII/DAI 评分。根据抑郁焦虑压力量表-21 评估 DII 和 DAI 与抑郁、焦虑和压力的关联。在调整年龄、能量摄入、BMI、家庭收入以及母亲和父亲的教育程度后，使用多元回归来确定 DII 和 DAI 与抑郁、焦虑和压力的调整关系。超重定义为体重指数（BMI）-年龄 >+ 1 z 分数相对于世界卫生组织标准。
分别有 21.4%、26.6%和 25.7%的受试者出现抑郁、焦虑和压力。青少年超重的比例为 19.4%。与 DII 第一 tertile 的受试者相比，DII 第三 tertile 的受试者 DII 与心理健康评分呈正相关。然而，在调整混杂因素后，这种相关性没有统计学意义。此外，DAI 与抑郁和焦虑呈显著负相关，与压力呈统计学上无显著相关性。
我们的研究结果强调了健康和抗炎饮食对女性青少年心理健康的重要性。因此，改变不健康的饮食习惯可能对管理心理社会障碍有效。
