Gómez-Urios Clara, Viñas-Ospino Adriana, Puchades-Colera Pablo, López-Malo Daniel, Frígola Ana, Esteve María José, Blesa Jesús
Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Faculty of Health Science, European University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
Foods. 2022 Aug 15;11(16):2457. doi: 10.3390/foods11162457.
The citrus industry produces large amounts of waste rich in bioactive compounds that have important effects on human health. Their extraction was performed using organic solvents, and a greener alternative to those solvents are natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). The present study aimed to obtain and optimize extracts rich in polyphenols and flavonoids from orange peels using NADES and monitor polyphenol stability in the extracts for 30 days. The software COSMOtherm (conductor-like screening model) was used to screen fourteen NADES. The most promising solvents were lactic acid:glucose (LA:Glu) with an extraction yield of 1932 ± 7.83 mgGAE/100 gdw for TPC (total polyphenol content) and 82.7 ± 3.0 mg/100 gdw for TFC (total flavonoid content) and in the case of L-proline:malic acid (LP:MA) was 2164 ± 5.17 mgGAE/100 gdw for TPC and 97.0 ± 1.65 mg/100 gdw for TFC. The extraction process using LA:Glu and LP:MA was optimized, and the results showed that the selected variables (%NADES, solid:liquid ratio, and extraction time) had a significant influence on the extraction of TPC and TFC. Results showed that NADES improve the stability of TPC. These findings revealed that NADES are efficient for the extraction of bioactive compounds from orange by-products, and these extracts can represent an alternative for the food industry to enrich food products with natural ingredients.
柑橘产业产生大量富含生物活性化合物的废弃物，这些化合物对人体健康具有重要影响。其提取使用有机溶剂，而天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）是这些溶剂的更绿色替代品。本研究旨在使用NADES从橙皮中获得并优化富含多酚和黄酮类化合物的提取物，并监测提取物中多酚的稳定性30天。使用软件COSMotherm（类导体筛选模型）筛选了14种NADES。最有前景的溶剂是乳酸：葡萄糖（LA:Glu），其总酚含量（TPC）的提取产率为1932±7.83 mgGAE/100 g干重，总黄酮含量（TFC）为82.7±3.0 mg/100 g干重；对于L-脯氨酸：苹果酸（LP:MA），TPC为2164±5.17 mgGAE/100 g干重，TFC为97.0±1.65 mg/100 g干重。对使用LA:Glu和LP:MA的提取过程进行了优化，结果表明所选变量（%NADES、固液比和提取时间）对TPC和TFC的提取有显著影响。结果表明NADES提高了TPC的稳定性。这些发现表明，NADES对于从橙子副产品中提取生物活性化合物是有效的，并且这些提取物可以代表食品工业用天然成分丰富食品的一种替代方法。
