Mazur Ekaterina, Shishkovsky Igor
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Aug 15;15(16):5600. doi: 10.3390/ma15165600.
Due to the ability to create structures with complex geometry at micro- and nanoscales, modern additive technologies make it possible to produce artificial materials (metamaterials) with properties different from those of conventional materials found in nature. One of the classes with special properties is auxetic materials-materials with a negative Poisson's ratio. In the review, we collect research results on the properties of auxetics, based on analytical, experimental and numerical methods. Special attention of this review is paid to the consideration of the results obtained in studies of hierarchical auxetic materials. The wide interest in the hierarchical subclass of auxetics is explained by the additional advantages of structures, such as more flexible adjustment of the desired mechanical characteristics (the porosity, stiffness, specific energy absorption, degree of material release, etc.). Possibilities of biomedical applications of hierarchical auxetic materials, such as coronary stents, filtration and drug delivery systems, implants and many others, where the ability for high-precision tuning is required, are underlined.
由于能够在微米和纳米尺度上创建具有复杂几何形状的结构，现代增材制造技术使得生产具有与自然界中常规材料不同特性的人工材料（超材料）成为可能。具有特殊性能的一类材料是负泊松比材料，即泊松比为负的材料。在这篇综述中，我们基于分析、实验和数值方法收集了关于负泊松比材料性能的研究结果。本综述特别关注对分层负泊松比材料研究中所获得结果的考量。对负泊松比材料分层子类的广泛兴趣源于其结构的额外优势，例如能够更灵活地调整所需的力学特性（孔隙率、刚度、比能量吸收、材料释放程度等）。文中强调了分层负泊松比材料在生物医学应用方面的可能性，如冠状动脉支架、过滤和药物输送系统、植入物以及许多其他需要高精度调节能力的应用。
