Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 18;14(16):3386. doi: 10.3390/nu14163386.
The consumption of meals prepared away from home (FAFH) in the U.S. has been commonly linked to overall poorer diet quality; however, less is known about the relationship with health parameters. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the diet quality and health parameters of adults who reported the frequency of obtaining or eating FAFH using a combination of four 2-year cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011−2018) data. Data from 14,999 adults aged 20 to 65 years were used to examine the associations between diet and health outcomes and the weekly frequency of FAFH. Multivariable regression models were used to compare Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores by FAFH frequency, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Adults with more frequent FAFH meals were more likely to be younger, male, lower-income, and unmarried. Total HEI-2015 scores and component scores for greens and beans, total and whole fruits, whole grains, saturated fats, and added sugars were significantly lower in those consuming >2 FAFH meals/week vs. ≤2 FAFH meals/week. BMI and waist circumference tended to be higher for women having more frequent FAFH meals. More frequent FAFH meals among adults were associated with poorer diet quality and weight outcomes, building on results from earlier studies.
美国居民在外就餐（FAFH）的频率与整体较差的饮食质量有关；然而，关于其与健康参数之间关系的了解较少。本横断面研究旨在使用国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES，2011-2018 年）的四个 2 年周期的数据评估报告 FAFH 频率的成年人的饮食质量和健康参数。使用来自 14999 名 20 至 65 岁成年人的数据，检查饮食和健康结果与每周 FAFH 频率之间的关联。多变量回归模型用于比较 FAFH 频率的健康饮食指数-2015（HEI-2015）评分，调整社会人口统计学变量。每周食用 FAFH 餐次数较多的成年人更年轻、男性、收入较低且未婚。每周食用 FAFH 餐次数＞2 次的成年人总 HEI-2015 评分和绿叶蔬菜和豆类、总水果和全水果、全谷物、饱和脂肪和添加糖的成分评分明显低于每周食用 FAFH 餐次数≤2 次的成年人。对于食用 FAFH 餐次数较多的女性，BMI 和腰围往往更高。对于成年人来说，更频繁的在外就餐与较差的饮食质量和体重结果有关，这是基于早期研究的结果。
