Petrini Stefano, Martucciello Alessandra, Righi Cecilia, Cappelli Giovanna, Torresi Claudia, Grassi Carlo, Scoccia Eleonora, Costantino Giulia, Casciari Cristina, Sabato Roberto, Giammarioli Monica, De Carlo Esterina, Feliziani Francesco
National Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, "Togo Rosati," 06126 Perugia, Italy.
National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 28;10(8):1204. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081204.
Three commercially available infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) live marker vaccines were evaluated for their ability to provide clinical protection to vaccinated calves against wild-type (wt) Bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) challenge and their possible effect on wt BoHV-1 latency reactivation following the challenge. On 35 post-vaccination days (PVDs), all animals were challenged with wt BoHV-1. Only the calves in the control group developed severe forms of IBR. The reactivation of latent BoHV-1 was induced by dexamethasone (DMS) treatment on 28 post-challenge days (PCDs). All animals showed IBR clinical signs on three post-DMS treatment days (PDTDs). On PVD 14, all vaccinated animals developed neutralizing antibodies (NAs), whereas in control animals, the NAs appeared post-challenge. The positivity for glycoprotein-B (gB) was detected using real-time polymerase chain reactions in all animals from PCDs 1 to 7. In contrast, the gB-positivity was observed in the immunized calves from PDTDs 3 to 10. Positive expression of gD and gE was observed in nasal swabs of all calves on PDTD 7. These findings suggested that the IBR marker vaccines evaluated in this study protected against wt BoHV-1-induced disease but not against wt BoHV-1-induced latency reactivation, indicating the necessity of developing new products to protect animals from wt BoHV-1-induced latency.
对三种市售的传染性牛鼻气管炎（IBR）活标记疫苗进行了评估，以确定它们为接种疫苗的犊牛提供针对野生型（wt）牛α疱疹病毒1型（BoHV-1）攻击的临床保护能力，以及它们在攻击后对wt BoHV-1潜伏激活的可能影响。在接种疫苗后35天（PVD），所有动物都接受了wt BoHV-1攻击。只有对照组的犊牛出现了严重形式的IBR。在攻击后28天（PCD）通过地塞米松（DMS）处理诱导潜伏的BoHV-1激活。在DMS处理后三天（PDTD），所有动物都出现了IBR临床症状。在PVD 14时，所有接种疫苗的动物都产生了中和抗体（NA），而在对照动物中，NA在攻击后出现。在PCD 1至7的所有动物中，使用实时聚合酶链反应检测到糖蛋白B（gB）呈阳性。相比之下，在PDTD 3至10的免疫犊牛中观察到gB呈阳性。在PDTD 7时，在所有犊牛的鼻拭子中观察到gD和gE的阳性表达。这些发现表明，本研究中评估的IBR标记疫苗可预防wt BoHV-1引起的疾病，但不能预防wt BoHV-1引起的潜伏激活，这表明有必要开发新产品来保护动物免受wt BoHV-1引起的潜伏感染。
