Stafie Celina Silvia, Solomon Sorina Mihaela, Sufaru Irina-Georgeta, Manaila Maria, Stafie Ingrid Ioana, Melinte Gabriela, Simionescu Bianca, Leustean Letitia
Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity-Family Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700111 Iasi, Romania.
Viruses. 2022 Jul 30;14(8):1686. doi: 10.3390/v14081686.
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease has long-term effects, known as post-COVID conditions (PCC) or long-COVID. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is defined by signs and symptoms that occur during or after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection which persist for more than 12 weeks and cannot be supported by an alternative diagnosis. The cardiovascular damage caused by COVID-19 in the severe forms of the disease is induced by severe systemic inflammation, considered to be one of the causes of myocardial lesions, with increased levels of circulating cytokines and toxic response mediators. We have focused on conditions that can induce long-COVID-19, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults or children (MIS-C/MIS-A), with an emphasis on endocrinological and metabolic disorders. Although described less frequently in children than in adults, long-COVID syndrome should not be confused with MIS-C, which is an acute condition characterized by multisystem involvement and paraclinical evidence of inflammation in a pediatric patient who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, we mention that the MIS-A symptoms remit within a few weeks, while the duration of long-COVID is measured in months. Long-COVID syndrome, along with its complications, MIS-A and MIS-C, represents an important challenge in the medical community. Underlying comorbidities can expose both COVID-19 adult and pediatric patients to a higher risk of negative outcomes not only during, but in the aftermath of the SARS-CoV-2 infection as well.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）具有长期影响，称为新冠后状况（PCC）或长新冠。新冠后综合征的定义是在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染期间或之后出现的体征和症状，持续超过12周且无法用其他诊断来解释。COVID-19在重症形式的疾病中所造成的心血管损害是由严重的全身炎症引起的，这种炎症被认为是心肌损伤的原因之一，会导致循环细胞因子和毒性反应介质水平升高。我们重点关注了可能诱发长新冠、或成人或儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C/MIS-A）的状况，尤其关注内分泌和代谢紊乱。虽然儿童长新冠综合征的描述比成人少，但不应将其与MIS-C混淆，MIS-C是一种急性病症，其特征是多系统受累，且在SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性的儿科患者中有炎症的辅助临床证据。同时，我们提到MIS-A的症状在几周内就会缓解，而长新冠的持续时间则以月来衡量。长新冠综合征及其并发症MIS-A和MIS-C对医学界来说是一项重大挑战。基础合并症不仅会使COVID-19成年和儿科患者在SARS-CoV-2感染期间，而且在感染之后都面临更高的不良后果风险。
