Cáceres Fuencisla, Vallès Joan, Garnatje Teresa, Parada Montse, Gras Airy
Laboratori de Botànica - Unitat Associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació - Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat IRBio, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Secció de Ciències Biològiques, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Aug 9;9:908491. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.908491. eCollection 2022.
Veterinary care is fundamental for animal wellbeing, and so is achieving a comprehensive understanding of traditional ethnoveterinary applications. However, little attention has been paid to it so far in industrialized countries, and in particular in Western Europe. In this context, the present work aims to make a contribution to this issue in the Catalan linguistic area, focusing on the study of plants used, at a popular level, to treat and deal with gastrointestinal, metabolic, and nutritional disorders, which are among the most important issues that affect animals. Data obtained in this study come from the popular knowledge about plants for veterinary purposes from 599 informants, who jointly provided 1,405 reports of use from 148 plant taxa. The most cited species have been (L.) Sch.Bip. (9.04%), L. subsp. var. (6.26%), and L. (6.26%). At higher taxonomic levels, the botanical families with more ethnoveterinary applications were Asteraceae (24.48%), Euphorbiaceae (8.33%), and Oleaceae (7.12%). Among the total use reports, 95.02% refer to disorders of the gastrointestinal system, 4.34% to nutritional disorders, and 0.64% to metabolic disorders. Antidiarrheal (18.01%), digestive (16.51%), and laxative (15.80%) have been the most reported veterinary uses. The most used plant parts have been the aerial part (40.50%), the fruit or the infructescence (18.65%), and the flower or inflorescence (16.01%). The main preparation and administration forms reported were tisane (58.69%), followed by direct use (without any specific pharmaceutical form; 21.77%). The global corpus of ethnoveterinary knowledge for the gastrointestinal system disorders in the territory of study is diverse, with some species having a very high cultural value, as indicated by an informant consensus factor very close to 1. Some reported uses were also confirmed after consultation of encyclopedic pharmacological works, although few of these works are specifically devoted to veterinary uses. The results of this study are relevant to preserve the ethnoveterinary knowledge, but also represent an important contribution to be taken into account in research for future development of new plant-based drugs for animals.
兽医护理对动物健康至关重要，全面了解传统民族兽医学应用也是如此。然而，工业化国家，尤其是西欧，迄今为止对此关注甚少。在此背景下，本研究旨在为加泰罗尼亚语地区的这一问题做出贡献，重点研究在民间层面用于治疗和处理胃肠道、代谢和营养紊乱的植物，这些是影响动物的最重要问题之一。本研究获得的数据来自599名信息提供者关于植物用于兽医目的的民间知识，他们共同提供了148个植物分类群的1405份使用报告。被提及最多的物种是[物种名称1]（9.04%）、[物种名称2]亚种[变种名称]（6.26%）和[物种名称3]（6.26%）。在更高的分类级别上，具有更多民族兽医学应用的植物科是菊科（24.48%）、大戟科（8.33%）和木犀科（7.12%）。在所有使用报告中，95.02%涉及胃肠道系统紊乱，4.34%涉及营养紊乱，0.64%涉及代谢紊乱。止泻（18.01%）、助消化（16.51%）和通便（15.80%）是报告最多的兽医用途。最常用的植物部位是地上部分（40.50%）、果实或果序（18.65%）以及花或花序（16.01%）。报告的主要制备和给药形式是煎剂（58.69%），其次是直接使用（无任何特定剂型；21.77%）。研究区域内关于胃肠道系统紊乱的民族兽医学知识总体多样，一些物种具有很高的文化价值，信息提供者共识因子非常接近1就表明了这一点。在查阅百科全书式的药理学著作后，一些报告的用途也得到了证实，尽管这些著作中很少专门涉及兽医用途。本研究结果对于保护民族兽医学知识具有重要意义，同时也为未来开发新型动物用植物药的研究提供了重要参考。
