Basu Saurav, Aggarwal Abhinav, Dushyant Kumar, Garg Suneela
Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
ENT, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2022 Apr-Jun;47(2):166-171. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_1267_21. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
India has over 50 million workers employed in industries with exposure to very high sound levels, predisposing them to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by using the following criteria: (1) Observational or experimental studies conducted in India; (2) English language studies; (3) Published during January 2010-December 2019; (4) Primary outcome: proportion of participants detected with NIHL. We reviewed bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and DOAJ) and Google Scholar, and extracted the relevant data.
A total of 160 documents were identified after removing duplicates, and 33 full texts were screened, of which 22 studies were included. The mean (SD) effective sample size of the studies was 107.1 (78.9). The pooled proportion of participants with NIHL irrespective of the category was 0.49 (95%CI: 0.22-0.76) and that of hearing loss was 0.53 (95%CI: 0.28- 0.78). Most studies reported that none of the workers, especially in the informal sectors, used auditory protection.
NIHL is a major neglected public health occupational health challenge in India linked with adverse social determinants of health. Sustained advocacy for implementation of legislative and behavior change communication for protecting the hearing of workers is warranted.
印度有超过5000万工人受雇于噪音水平极高的行业，这使他们易患噪声性听力损失（NIHL）。
我们采用以下标准进行了系统评价和荟萃分析：（1）在印度开展的观察性或实验性研究；（2）英文研究；（3）2010年1月至2019年12月期间发表；（4）主要结局：检测出患有NIHL的参与者比例。我们检索了文献数据库（PubMed、Scopus和DOAJ）以及谷歌学术，并提取了相关数据。
去除重复文献后共识别出160篇文献，筛选了33篇全文，其中纳入22项研究。这些研究的平均（标准差）有效样本量为107.1（78.9）。无论类别如何，患有NIHL的参与者合并比例为0.49（95%CI：0.22 - 0.76），听力损失的合并比例为0.53（95%CI：0.28 - 0.78）。大多数研究报告称，没有工人，尤其是非正规部门的工人使用听力保护措施。
在印度，NIHL是一个被严重忽视的公共卫生职业健康挑战，与不良的健康社会决定因素相关。有必要持续倡导实施立法以及开展行为改变宣传活动，以保护工人的听力。
