Misgana Tadesse, Weldesenbet Adisu Birhanu, Tamiru Dawit, Tariku Mandaras, Tesfaye Dejene, Alemu Daniel, Gebremichael Berhe, Dheresa Merga
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Int J Reprod Med. 2022 Aug 5;2022:7827234. doi: 10.1155/2022/7827234. eCollection 2022.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has a negative impact on women's physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health. Identifying the determinant factors of IPV among pregnant women is of paramount importance to overcome its negative consequences thereby increasing the performance of women in all activities. Thus, this study applied a generalized structural equation model (GSEM) to determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence among pregnant women and its predictors in Eastern Ethiopia.
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS), Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected form a sample of 1051 pregnant women using structured questionnaires. Descript findings were presented in percentage with 95% confidence interval. The generalized structural equation model was used to determine factors associated with each domain of IPV (physical, emotional, and social violence). Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI were used to declare significant factors associated with intimate partner violence.
The overall prevalence of IPV in the Eastern Ethiopia was 48.57% (95% CI: 45.45, 51.69). The highest intimate partner violence was observed in the sexual domain of IPV (31.6%, 95% CI: (28.8, 34.58)). In GSEM, being a farmer (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.91) was significantly associated with psychological domain of IPV. Age (AOR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95, 0.99) and educational status (neither read nor write) (AOR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.61, 3.89) were significantly associated with physical domain of IPV. Being in medium (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.90) and rich (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.78), wealth quintiles were significantly associated with sexual domain of IPV, whereas husband controlling behavior was significantly associated with all domains of IPV.
The magnitude of IPV among pregnant women was relatively high in Eastern Ethiopia. This finding pin a light to pay special consideration to pregnant women at each point of service delivery to alleviate consequence of IPV. Being a farmer, older ages and being in higher wealth quintiles were protective factor, whereas being uneducated increase the risk of IPV. Improving socioeconomic status and promoting legal rights of women is needed to alleviate the problem, and younger women require special attention.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）对女性的身体、心理、性和生殖健康产生负面影响。识别孕妇中亲密伴侣暴力的决定因素对于克服其负面后果至关重要，从而提高女性在所有活动中的表现。因此，本研究应用广义结构方程模型（GSEM）来确定埃塞俄比亚东部孕妇中亲密伴侣暴力的患病率及其预测因素。
在埃塞俄比亚东部的克尔萨健康与人口监测系统（KHDSS）中进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷从1051名孕妇样本中收集数据。描述性结果以百分比形式呈现，并带有95%置信区间。广义结构方程模型用于确定与亲密伴侣暴力各领域（身体暴力、情感暴力和社会暴力）相关的因素。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间来确定与亲密伴侣暴力相关的显著因素。
埃塞俄比亚东部亲密伴侣暴力的总体患病率为48.57%（95%置信区间：45.45，51.69）。在亲密伴侣暴力的性领域观察到最高的暴力发生率（31.6%，95%置信区间：（28.8，34.58））。在广义结构方程模型中，作为农民（AOR = 0.42，95%置信区间：0.19，0.91）与亲密伴侣暴力的心理领域显著相关。年龄（AOR = 0.97，95%置信区间：0.95，0.99）和教育程度（既不识字也不会写字）（AOR = 2.50，95%置信区间：1.61，3.89）与亲密伴侣暴力的身体领域显著相关。处于中等（AOR = 0.64，95%置信区间：0.46，0.90）和富裕（AOR = 0.53，95%置信区间：0.36，0.78）财富五分位数与亲密伴侣暴力的性领域显著相关，而丈夫的控制行为与亲密伴侣暴力的所有领域显著相关。
埃塞俄比亚东部孕妇中亲密伴侣暴力的程度相对较高。这一发现表明在每次服务提供点都要特别关注孕妇，以减轻亲密伴侣暴力的后果。作为农民、年龄较大和处于较高财富五分位数是保护因素，而未受过教育会增加亲密伴侣暴力的风险。需要提高社会经济地位并促进妇女的合法权利以缓解这一问题，年轻女性需要特别关注。
