Miller H C, Jekel J F
Yale J Biol Med. 1987 May-Jun;60(3):221-32.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the elevated risk for low birth weight (LBW) infants among black mothers would persist when biologic, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors (as measured by socioeconomic status, level of education, and marital status) were controlled. It was found that the odds ratios for the risk of LBW for blacks/whites persisted above 1.5, regardless of what subgroups were used and what factors were controlled. The black/white odds ratios were, however, less than 2.0 when cigarette smoking was not a risk factor and higher than 2.0 when it was. In fact, the highest odds ratios, up to 2.65, occurred among the smoking group. These data suggest that smoking may have a more strongly negative effect among black than white pregnant mothers. In general, the effect of race on the LBW risk was much less strong than that of risk factors that can be influenced, such as adverse maternal practices.
本研究的目的是确定在控制生物学、行为和社会经济因素（通过社会经济地位、教育水平和婚姻状况衡量）后，黑人母亲中低体重儿（LBW）风险升高的情况是否依然存在。研究发现，无论使用何种亚组以及控制哪些因素，黑人/白人低体重儿风险的比值比均持续高于1.5。然而，当吸烟不是风险因素时，黑人/白人比值比小于2.0；当吸烟是风险因素时，该比值比高于2.0。事实上，最高的比值比高达2.65，出现在吸烟组中。这些数据表明，吸烟对黑人孕妇母亲的负面影响可能比对白人孕妇母亲的影响更大。总体而言，种族对低体重儿风险的影响远不如可受影响的风险因素（如不良的母亲行为）的影响那么强烈。
