Wang Shihui, Guo Kun, Luo Liang, Zhang Rui, Xu Wei, Song Yingying, Zhao Zhigang
Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China.
Engineering Technology Research Center of Saline-Alkaline Water Fisheries (Harbin), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China.
Foods. 2022 Aug 25;11(17):2573. doi: 10.3390/foods11172573.
The majority of pond-reared Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) grow and fatten in freshwater. Previous studies illustrated that E. sinensis cultured in saline-alkaline water in outdoor environments showed a higher quality than that cultured in freshwater. However, it is still unclear whether salinity or alkalinity has an important positive effect on the quality of E. sinensis. This study aimed to investigate the gonadal development, edible yield, coloration, and nutritional and flavor quality of E. sinensis fattening in saline and alkaline water indoors. Results showed that there were no significant changes observed in gonadosomatic index (GSI) and other edible parameters among freshwater (FW), saline water (SW), and alkaline water (AW) during the 55-day fattening period (p > 0.05). Significantly higher a* and b* values of freeze-dried female carapace were observed fattening in SW and AW compared with that of FW (p < 0.05). The crude protein in gonad and male muscle, moisture in female muscle, and crude lipid in male muscle increased significantly from FW to SW and AW (p < 0.05). Better nutritional and flavor values were also detected in male hepatopancreas and muscles. In conclusion, numerous advantages of fattening in SW and AW were observed, including the improvement of carotenoid accumulation in freeze-dried carapace, DHA, EPA, total essential free amino acids (∑EFAA), total free amino acids (∑FAA), and total umami values (∑TUV) contents in male hepatopancreas and muscle.
大多数池塘养殖的中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）在淡水中生长育肥。先前的研究表明，在室外环境的盐碱水中养殖的中华绒螯蟹品质高于在淡水中养殖的。然而，盐碱度或碱度对中华绒螯蟹品质是否具有重要的积极影响仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查在室内盐碱水中育肥的中华绒螯蟹的性腺发育、可食产量、体色以及营养和风味品质。结果表明，在55天的育肥期内，淡水（FW）、盐水（SW）和碱水（AW）组之间的性腺指数（GSI）和其他可食参数没有显著变化（p>0.05）。与FW组相比，SW组和AW组冻干雌蟹甲壳的a值和b值显著更高（p<0.05）。从FW组到SW组和AW组，性腺和雄蟹肌肉中的粗蛋白、雌蟹肌肉中的水分以及雄蟹肌肉中的粗脂肪显著增加（p<0.05）。在雄蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中也检测到更好的营养和风味值。总之，观察到在SW组和AW组育肥有许多优点，包括冻干甲壳中类胡萝卜素积累的改善、雄蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中DHA、EPA、总必需游离氨基酸（∑EFAA）、总游离氨基酸（∑FAA）和总鲜味值（∑TUV）含量的增加。
