Marzok Mohamed, Almubarak Adel I, Al Mohamad Zakriya, Salem Mohamed, Farag Alshimaa M, Ibrahim Hussam M, El-Ashker Maged R, El-Khodery Sabry
Department of Clinical Scienses, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Sep 5;12(17):2296. doi: 10.3390/ani12172296.
In the present study, thirty clinically healthy donkeys were used to establish the reference values and repeatability for Pulsed Wave Doppler echocardiographic variables of the mitral valve, aortic valve and myocardial performance. 2-dimensional Color flow mapping and spectral Doppler modes were performed. For the mitral valve, the mean velocity, pressure gradient and duration of E-wave were 57.7 ± 12.5 cm/s, 1.4 ± 0.7 mmHg and 0.4 ± 0.13 s, respectively. The velocity, pressure gradient and duration of the A-wave were 32.3 ± 9.1 cm/s, 0.3 ± 0.04 mmHg and 0.3 ± 0.1 s, respectively. The mitral valve area, pressure half time, pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and velocity time integral (VTI) were 1.8 ± 0.5 cm, 66 ± 17 ms, 2.8 ± 1.4, 0.9 ± 0.03 and 19.1 ± 5.7 cm, respectively. For the aortic valve, the mean velocity was 64.9 ± 10.4 cm/s, pressure gradient was 1.8 ± 0.4 mmHg, pulsatility index was 1.4 ± 0.3, resistance index was 0.9 ± 0.02, VTI was 25.02 ± 6.2 cm, systolic/diastolic was 19 ± 4.7 and heart rate was 95.7 ± 28.9 per minute. For Myocardial Performance Index (LV)-Tei Index, the mean ejection, isovolumic relaxation, isovolumic contraction time and myocardial performance index were 0.24 ± 0.01, 0.14 ± 0.01, 0.14 ± 0.02 and 1.2 ± 0.1 s, respectively. The results of the present study provide the reference values of PW echocardiographic parameter measurements in normal adult donkeys. Such reference values are helpful, especially when confronted with clinical cases with cardiovascular disorders.
在本研究中，30头临床健康的驴被用于建立二尖瓣、主动脉瓣及心肌功能的脉冲波多普勒超声心动图变量的参考值和重复性。进行了二维彩色血流图和频谱多普勒模式检查。对于二尖瓣，E波的平均速度、压力阶差和持续时间分别为57.7±12.5cm/s、1.4±0.7mmHg和0.4±0.13s。A波的速度、压力阶差和持续时间分别为32.3±9.1cm/s、0.3±0.04mmHg和0.3±0.1s。二尖瓣面积、压力减半时间、搏动指数（PI）、阻力指数（RI）和速度时间积分（VTI）分别为1.8±0.5cm、66±17ms、2.8±1.4、0.9±0.03和19.1±5.7cm。对于主动脉瓣，平均速度为64.9±10.4cm/s，压力阶差为1.8±0.4mmHg，搏动指数为1.4±0.3，阻力指数为0.9±0.02，VTI为25.02±6.2cm，收缩期/舒张期为19±4.7，心率为每分钟95.7±28.9次。对于心肌性能指数（左心室）-Tei指数而言，平均射血时间、等容舒张时间、等容收缩时间和心肌性能指数分别为0.24±0.01、0.14±0.01、0.14±0.02和1.2±0.1s。本研究结果提供了正常成年驴的脉冲波超声心动图参数测量的参考值。这些参考值很有帮助，尤其是在面对患有心血管疾病的临床病例时。
