Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador.
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 3;19(17):11053. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191711053.
Cervical cancer continues to be a major health problem in developing countries. Educational programs, as well as Pap and HPV screening and vaccination, are important tools to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with this disease. The objective of this study is to explore the diverse knowledge and perceptions about cervical cancer and the different diagnostic tests for HPV of populations living in the rural parish "El Valle".
A qualitative study was conducted through eight focus groups, which included 46 participants from mixed ethnic groups. A phenomenological analysis was performed.
Four topics and seven sub-topics were identified. By analyzing all the narratives, it was possible to identify that the perception of cervical cancer was focused on its severity, secondary to its infectious process and screening periodicity. However, despite the diverse knowledge, indigenous people do not relate it to the human papilloma virus; in addition, there is also certain resistance to undergo the Pap smear test, for reasons such as inaccessibility and its sampling process.
It is necessary to develop educational programs for the prevention of cervical cancer and to implement diagnostic alternatives to reach populations with precarious accessibility, as well as women who refuse to undergo the Pap smear test.
宫颈癌在发展中国家仍然是一个主要的健康问题。教育项目，以及巴氏涂片和 HPV 筛查和疫苗接种，是降低与这种疾病相关的发病率和死亡率的重要工具。本研究的目的是探讨生活在农村教区“El Valle”的人群对宫颈癌的不同认识和对 HPV 的不同诊断检测方法。
通过 8 个焦点小组进行了一项定性研究，共有来自不同种族的 46 名参与者。进行了现象学分析。
确定了四个主题和七个子主题。通过分析所有的叙述，可以发现对宫颈癌的认识主要集中在其严重程度上，这是由于其感染过程和筛查的周期性。然而，尽管知识各不相同，土著人民并没有将其与人类乳头瘤病毒联系起来；此外，由于无法获得样本和采样过程，有些人也对巴氏涂片检查有一定的抵触。
有必要为预防宫颈癌制定教育计划，并实施诊断替代方案，以覆盖可及性差的人群，以及拒绝接受巴氏涂片检查的妇女。
