Chen Shuning, Su Hao, Liu Xinhong, Li Qiaochu, Yao Yingchi, Cai Jiachen, Gao Ye, Ma Qirui, Shi Yajun
The School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Front Physiol. 2022 Aug 23;13:940749. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.940749. eCollection 2022.
Fat loss theory under various oxygen conditions has been disputed, and relevant systematic review studies are limited. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether hypoxic exercise training (HET) leads to superior fat-reducing compared with normoxic exercise training (NET). We searched PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and EBSCOhost from inception to June 2022 for articles comparing the effects of hypoxic and normoxic exercise on body composition indicators, glycometabolism, and lipometabolism indicators in obese and overweight adults. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The effect sizes were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Between-study heterogeneity was examined using the test and evaluated publication bias via Egger's regression test. The risk of bias assessment was performed for each included trial using Cochrane Evaluation Tool second generation. The meta-analysis was performed by using R 4.1.3 and RevMan 5.3 analytic tools. A total of 19 RCTs with 444 subjects were analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among them, there were 14 English literature and five Chinese literature. No significant difference in body composition (SMD -0.10, 95% CI -0.20 to -0.01), glycometabolism and lipid metabolism (SMD -0.01, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.10) has been observed when comparing the HET and NET groups. We only found low heterogeneity among trials assessing glycometabolism and lipometabolism ( = 20%, 0.09), and no publication bias was detected. The effects of HET and NET on fat loss in overweight or obese people are the same. The application and promotion of HET for fat reduction need further exploration.
不同氧气条件下的脂肪减少理论一直存在争议，相关的系统评价研究也很有限。本研究是一项系统评价和荟萃分析，旨在评估与常氧运动训练（NET）相比，低氧运动训练（HET）是否能更有效地减脂。我们检索了PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI、ProQuest、谷歌学术、Cochrane图书馆和EBSCOhost数据库，时间跨度从建库至2022年6月，以查找比较低氧和常氧运动对肥胖和超重成年人身体成分指标、糖代谢和脂代谢指标影响的文章。仅纳入随机对照试验（RCT）。效应大小以标准化均数差（SMD）和95%置信区间（CI）表示。采用 检验研究间异质性，并通过Egger回归检验评估发表偏倚。使用第二代Cochrane评估工具对每个纳入试验进行偏倚风险评估。荟萃分析采用R 4.1.3和RevMan 5.3分析工具。根据纳入和排除标准，共分析了19项RCT，涉及444名受试者。其中，英文文献14篇，中文文献5篇。比较HET组和NET组时，未观察到身体成分（SMD -0.10，95% CI -0.20至-0.01）、糖代谢和脂代谢（SMD -0.01，95% CI -0.13至-0.10）有显著差异。我们仅发现评估糖代谢和脂代谢的试验间异质性较低（ = 20%， 0.09），未检测到发表偏倚。HET和NET对超重或肥胖人群减脂的效果相同。HET在减脂方面的应用和推广需要进一步探索。
