Brushart T M, Seiler W A
Exp Neurol. 1987 Aug;97(2):289-300. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(87)90090-2.
Random matching of regenerating axons with Schwann tubes in the distal nerve stump is thought to contribute to the often poor results of peripheral nerve repair. Motor axons would be led to sensory end organs and sensory axons to motor end plates; both would remain functionless. However, the ability of regenerating axons to differentiate between sensory and motor environments has not been adequately examined. The experiments reported here evaluated the behavior of regenerating motor axons when given equal access to distal sensory and motor nerve stumps across an unstructured gap. "Y"-shape silicon chambers were implanted within the rat femoral nerve with the proximal motor branch as axon source in the base of the Y. The distal sensory and motor branches served as targets in the branches of the Y, and were placed 2 or 5 mm from the axon source. After 2 months for axon regeneration, horseradish peroxidase was used to label the motoneurons projecting axons into either the motor or the sensory stump. Equal numbers of motoneurons were labeled from the sensory and motor stumps at 2 mm, but significantly more motoneurons were labeled from the motor stump at 5 mm. (P = 0.016). This finding is consistent with selective reinnervation of the motor stump. Augmentation of this phenomenon to produce specific reunion of individual motor axons could dramatically improve the results of nerve suture.
人们认为，在远端神经残端中，再生轴突与施万管的随机匹配是导致周围神经修复结果往往不佳的原因之一。运动轴突会被引导至感觉终器，而感觉轴突则会被引导至运动终板；两者都将保持无功能状态。然而，再生轴突区分感觉和运动环境的能力尚未得到充分研究。本文报道的实验评估了再生运动轴突在跨越无结构间隙平等进入远端感觉和运动神经残端时的行为。将“Y”形硅室植入大鼠股神经内，以近端运动支作为Y形底部的轴突来源。远端感觉支和运动支作为Y形分支中的靶点，与轴突来源相距2或5毫米。轴突再生2个月后，使用辣根过氧化物酶标记将轴突投射到运动或感觉残端的运动神经元。在2毫米处，从感觉残端和运动残端标记的运动神经元数量相等，但在5毫米处，从运动残端标记的运动神经元明显更多。（P = 0.016）。这一发现与运动残端的选择性再支配一致。增强这一现象以实现单个运动轴突的特异性重新连接，可能会显著改善神经缝合的结果。
