Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Sep 14;22(1):750. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03429-1.
Previous studies exploring usual alcohol consumption and falls risk were scarce in China. In addition, the dose-response relationship has not been explored so far. This study aims to estimate the association between usual alcohol consumption and risk of falls among middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which is representative of the population of the entire country.
Baseline survey data in 2015 and follow-up data in 2018 in CHARLS were utilized. Alcohol consumption was calculated in grams per day (gr/day) according to self-reported drinking data and categorized accordingly to The Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (DGC) 2016. Fall was obtained from self-reported information. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association of usual alcohol consumption with risk of falling. The dose-response relationship was also explored using restricted cubic splines.
A total of 12,910 middle-aged and older participants were included from the CHARLS 2015, of which 11,667 were followed up in 2018. We found that former, moderate, and excessive drinkers were at higher fall risk compared to never drinkers (former: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05-1.46; moderate: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.41; excessive: OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.15-1.61) in the longitudinal analysis. Similarly, individuals with moderate and excessive alcohol consumption were at increased risk of falling in the cross-sectional analysis (moderate: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; excessive: OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.11,1.57). No significant increased risk of falls was found for former drinkers (former: OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.96-1.34). We observed a significant non-linear relationship.
Our study suggests that usual alcohol consumption was associated with a higher risk of falls, highlighting the key role of alcohol intake on the fall risk, which needed consideration in developing intervention and prevention strategies for reducing falls among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
以前探索习惯性饮酒和跌倒风险的研究在中国很少。此外，目前还没有探索剂量反应关系。本研究旨在根据中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）的数据，评估中国中年及以上成年人习惯性饮酒与跌倒风险之间的关联，该研究数据具有全国代表性。
利用 CHARLS 2015 年的基线调查数据和 2018 年的随访数据，根据自我报告的饮酒数据计算饮酒量（克/天），并按照《中国居民膳食指南（2016）》进行分类。跌倒情况来自自我报告的信息。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来估计习惯性饮酒与跌倒风险之间的关系。还使用限制性三次样条探索了剂量反应关系。
CHARLS 2015 年共纳入 12910 名中年及以上参与者，其中 11667 名在 2018 年进行了随访。我们发现，与从不饮酒者相比，以前饮酒者、适度饮酒者和过量饮酒者跌倒风险更高（以前：OR，1.24；95%CI，1.05-1.46；适度：OR，1.22；95%CI，1.06-1.41；过量：OR，1.36；95%CI，1.15-1.61）。同样，在横断面分析中，中度和过量饮酒者跌倒风险增加（中度：OR，1.18；95%CI，1.02-1.37；过量：OR，1.32；95%CI，1.11-1.57）。以前饮酒者跌倒风险无显著增加（以前：OR，1.13；95%CI，0.96-1.34）。我们观察到了显著的非线性关系。
本研究表明，习惯性饮酒与跌倒风险增加有关，强调了饮酒量对跌倒风险的关键作用，在制定针对中国中年及以上成年人的跌倒干预和预防策略时需要考虑这一因素。
