School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India.
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 17;23(18):10889. doi: 10.3390/ijms231810889.
(L.) Correa (Bael) fruit, a member of the Rutaceae family, is a major cultivated fruit plant in tropical and subtropical regions in countries of southeast Asia. Bael fruit has been a major topic for studies in recent years mainly due to its high nutritional (carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins) value and presence of various phytochemicals, which attributed to its high medicinal value. These phytochemicals include various compounds, e.g., alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids (protocatechuic acid, gallic, and ellagic acid). The fruit extract of bael has been also an important study area for its pharmacological activities, including antidiarrheal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, radioprotective, anticancer, antiulcer properties. The current review mainly highlighted the nutritional and pharmacological activities of bael fruit. The nutritional profile and phytochemical profile were discussed in the review, along with their concentration in the fruit. Moreover, the experiments carried out in vivo and in vitro of bael fruit extracts with respect to their pharmacological activities were also discussed in the article. The recent literature based on nutritional and pharmacological values of bael fruit showed its high potential as a food and pharmaceutical product. Despite having high nutritional and pharmacological value, research related to molecular mechanisms of bael fruit is still limited, and clinical trials are needed to ensure its safety as a product in the food and pharma industries.
(L.) 罗望子（贝利亚）果，芸香科的一员，是东南亚热带和亚热带国家主要栽培的水果植物。近年来，罗望子果一直是研究的主要课题，主要是因为它具有很高的营养价值（碳水化合物、蛋白质、矿物质和维生素）和存在各种植物化学物质，这归因于它具有很高的药用价值。这些植物化学物质包括各种化合物，例如生物碱、类黄酮和酚酸（原儿茶酸、没食子酸和鞣花酸）。罗望子果的提取物也因其药理活性而成为一个重要的研究领域，包括止泻、抗氧化、抗糖尿病、保肝、辐射防护、抗癌、抗溃疡作用。本综述主要强调了罗望子果的营养和药理活性。综述中讨论了其营养成分和植物化学物质的概况，以及它们在水果中的浓度。此外，还讨论了关于罗望子果提取物的体内和体外实验，及其药理活性。基于罗望子果的营养和药理价值的最新文献表明，它作为食品和药品具有很高的潜力。尽管具有很高的营养价值和药理活性，但与罗望子果相关的分子机制研究仍然有限，需要进行临床试验以确保其作为食品和制药行业产品的安全性。
