Tang Fen, Zhou Zhou, Huang Kongqian, Deng Wen, Lin Jiali, Chen Ruoyun, Li Min, Xu Fan
Department Of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital Of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Institute Of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy Of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Front Genet. 2022 Sep 14;13:848985. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.848985. eCollection 2022.
Th17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Th17/Treg homeostasis is critically involved in maintaining the immune balance. Disturbed Th17/Treg homeostasis contributes to the progression of autoimmune diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new vital factor in the regulation of disturbed Th17/Treg homeostasis. To better understand the epigenetic mechanisms of miRNAs in regulating Treg/Th17 homeostasis, we included and evaluated 97 articles about autoimmune diseases and found that miRNAs were involved in the regulation of Treg/Th17 homeostasis from several aspects positively or negatively, including Treg differentiation and development, Treg induction, Treg stability, Th17 differentiation, and Treg function. Uveitis is one of the ocular autoimmune diseases, which is also characterized with Th17/Treg imbalance. However, our understanding of the miRNAs in the pathogenesis of uveitis is elusive and not well-studied. In this review, we further summarized miRNAs found to be involved in autoimmune uveitis and their potential role in the regulation of Th17/Treg homeostasis.
辅助性T细胞17（Th17）和调节性T细胞（Tregs）在自身免疫性疾病的发病机制中起关键作用。Th17/Treg平衡对于维持免疫平衡至关重要。Th17/Treg平衡紊乱会促使自身免疫性疾病进展。微小RNA（miRNAs）已成为调节Th17/Treg平衡紊乱的一个新的重要因素。为了更好地理解miRNAs在调节Treg/Th17平衡中的表观遗传机制，我们纳入并评估了97篇关于自身免疫性疾病的文章，发现miRNAs从多个方面正向或负向参与Treg/Th17平衡的调节，包括Treg分化与发育、Treg诱导、Treg稳定性、Th17分化以及Treg功能。葡萄膜炎是眼部自身免疫性疾病之一，其特征也为Th17/Treg失衡。然而，我们对miRNAs在葡萄膜炎发病机制中的了解尚不清楚且研究不足。在本综述中，我们进一步总结了已发现的参与自身免疫性葡萄膜炎的miRNAs及其在调节Th17/Treg平衡中的潜在作用。
