Rojas-Roque Carlos, López-Bonilla Indiana
Centro de Investigación en Demografía y Salud, CIDS UNAN Leon, Leon Nicaragua.
Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2022 Jul 9;17(6):1051-1059. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.06.012. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Evidence regarding sickness presenteeism (SP) in low-and middle-income countries and in vulnerable groups such as teachers is relatively scarce. To provide evidence addressing this research gap, we examined the prevalence and predictors, and estimated the productivity loss impairment due to SP among teachers in Leon, Nicaragua.
This was a cross-sectional study. Four public schools in Leon, Nicaragua, were selected, and 132 teachers were included in the final sample. Predictors influencing SP were identified through multivariable logistic regression. By using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire, we converted the productivity loss impairment to 2018 US dollars (1 US dollar = 31.78 Cordobas).
Overall, the prevalence of SP was 65.2% (95% C.I.: 56.53-72.87), and no differences were found in sociodemographic characteristics. We observed a negative relationship between director/supervisor support and SP (<0.001). Moreover, teachers without suitable household conditions for resting had a 1.28 times higher probability of SP (95% C.I.: 1.03-1.59). The median percentage time missed for all health reasons was 14.3%. The median percentage productivity loss impairment due to health conditions was 30%. The median per-capita cost of SP during the prior week was 20 US dollars, and the overall cost was 1805 US dollars.
Among teachers, SP has a relatively high prevalence and is associated with a high economic toll. Interventions aimed at promoting healthful lifestyles are needed.
关于低收入和中等收入国家以及教师等弱势群体中带病上班（SP）的证据相对较少。为了提供填补这一研究空白的证据，我们调查了尼加拉瓜莱昂教师中SP的患病率和预测因素，并估计了因SP导致的生产力损失损害。
这是一项横断面研究。在尼加拉瓜莱昂选择了四所公立学校，最终样本包括132名教师。通过多变量逻辑回归确定影响SP的预测因素。使用工作生产力和活动损害问卷，我们将生产力损失损害换算为2018年美元（1美元 = 31.78科多巴）。
总体而言，SP的患病率为65.2%（95%置信区间：56.53 - 72.87），社会人口统计学特征方面未发现差异。我们观察到主任/主管支持与SP之间存在负相关（<0.001）。此外，家庭休息条件不合适的教师患SP的概率高1.28倍（95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.59）。因所有健康原因缺勤的时间中位数百分比为14.3%。因健康状况导致的生产力损失损害中位数百分比为30%。前一周SP的人均成本中位数为20美元，总成本为1805美元。
在教师中，SP患病率相对较高，且与高昂的经济损失相关。需要采取旨在促进健康生活方式的干预措施。
