Department of Respiratory Care, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 6;19(19):12819. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912819.
Poor sleep quality, depression, and anxiety are common comorbidities among individuals with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). However, there has been no work to estimate their prevalence and assess their associations among the CRDs population in Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in primary healthcare centers and included a total of 390 patients. Structured self-administered questionnaires were completed that included the Sleep Quality Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between patients' characteristics and sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression.
Poor sleep quality, depression, and anxiety affect 75%, 49.2%, and 36.4% of the study participants, respectively. The PSQI was significantly correlated with anxiety (r = 0.30) and depression (r = 0.16). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between anxiety and depression (r = 0.44). The predictors of poor sleep quality were age, gender, and family history of CRDs, education level and anxiety and these variables accounted for 0.19% of the variance in PSQI. Variables that independently predicted an increased level of depression were age, gender, marital status, family history of CRDs, diagnosis, previous hospital admission, the presence of comorbidities, dyspnea last month and anxiety. On the other hand, the variables that independently predicted an increased level of anxiety were age, BMI, family history of CRDs, previous hospital admission, the presence of comorbidities, dyspnea last month and depression.
Healthcare providers managing patients with CRDs should be alert to the high prevalence of poor sleep quality, depression, and anxiety. Appropriate interventions to reduce the prevalence should be developed and timely applied.
睡眠质量差、抑郁和焦虑是慢性呼吸系统疾病（CRD）患者常见的共病。然而，在沙特阿拉伯的 CRD 人群中，还没有人对其患病率进行评估并评估它们之间的相关性。
本横断面研究在初级保健中心进行，共纳入 390 名患者。采用结构化的自我管理问卷，包括匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）。采用多元线性回归分析评估患者特征与睡眠障碍、焦虑和抑郁之间的关系。
睡眠质量差、抑郁和焦虑分别影响了 75%、49.2%和 36.4%的研究参与者。PSQI 与焦虑（r=0.30）和抑郁（r=0.16）显著相关。此外，焦虑和抑郁之间也存在显著相关性（r=0.44）。睡眠质量差的预测因素为年龄、性别和 CRD 的家族史、教育程度以及焦虑，这些变量占 PSQI 方差的 0.19%。独立预测抑郁水平升高的变量为年龄、性别、婚姻状况、CRD 的家族史、诊断、既往住院、合并症的存在、上个月呼吸困难和焦虑。另一方面，独立预测焦虑水平升高的变量为年龄、BMI、CRD 的家族史、既往住院、合并症的存在、上个月呼吸困难和抑郁。
管理 CRD 患者的医疗保健提供者应警惕睡眠质量差、抑郁和焦虑的高患病率。应制定适当的干预措施来降低其患病率，并及时应用。
