Zhang Xin, Fan Minghao, Luo Ke, Xu Wanying, Dong Jianjun, Wang Dongfeng, Chen Lu, Yu Junhong
State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Tsingtao Brewery Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 2;11(10):1976. doi: 10.3390/antiox11101976.
Fucoxanthin (FX) is a carotenoid from a marine origin that has an important role in our health, especially in the regulation and alleviation of type 2 diabetes. Its specific molecular structure makes it very unstable, which greatly affects its delivery in the body. In this study, FX was encapsulated in a mono-carrier using a hydrolyzed zein to form a nanocomplex with a stable structure and chemical properties (FZNP). Its stability was demonstrated by characterization and the efficacy of FX before and after encapsulation in alleviating diabetes in mice, which was evaluated by in vivo experiments. FZNP reduced the level of fasting blood glucose and restored it to normal levels in T2DM mice, which was not caused by a decrease in food intake, and effectively reduced oxidative stress in the organism. Both FX and FZNP repaired the hepatocyte and pancreatic β-cell damage, increased serum SOD and reduced INS values significantly, upregulated PI3K-AKT genes as well as CaMK and GNAs expression in the pancreas. FZNP increased ADPN and GSH-PX values more significantly and it decreased serum HOMA-IR and MDA values, upregulated GLUT2 expression, promoted glucose transport in pancreatic and hepatocytes, regulated glucose metabolism and glycogen synthesis with much superior effects than FX.
岩藻黄质（FX）是一种源自海洋的类胡萝卜素，对我们的健康具有重要作用，尤其是在2型糖尿病的调节和缓解方面。其特定的分子结构使其非常不稳定，这极大地影响了它在体内的递送。在本研究中，使用水解玉米醇溶蛋白将FX包裹在单一载体中，形成具有稳定结构和化学性质的纳米复合物（FZNP）。通过表征证明了其稳定性，并通过体内实验评估了FX在包裹前后缓解小鼠糖尿病的功效。FZNP降低了T2DM小鼠的空腹血糖水平并将其恢复到正常水平，这并非由食物摄入量减少引起，并且有效降低了机体的氧化应激。FX和FZNP均修复了肝细胞和胰腺β细胞损伤，显著提高了血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平并降低了胰岛素（INS）值，上调了胰腺中磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（PI3K）-蛋白激酶B（AKT）基因以及钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶（CaMK）和鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白α刺激活性多肽（GNAs）的表达。FZNP更显著地提高了脂联素（ADPN）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）值，降低了血清胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）和丙二醛（MDA）值，上调了葡萄糖转运蛋白2（GLUT2）的表达，促进了胰腺和肝细胞中的葡萄糖转运，调节葡萄糖代谢和糖原合成，其效果比FX优越得多。
