Tursun Ayse Ozlem
University of Malatya Turgut Ozal, Battalgazi Vocational High School, Battalgazi, Malatya, Turkey.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022 Jul;29(7):103314. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103314. Epub 2022 May 22.
Purple basil is among the most important basil varieties and its essential oil is used for several purposes including medicinal and aromatic uses. Soil types may impact the plant growth, development, and essential oil composition. Hence, it is important to find the most suitable soil type which may produce basil plants having essential oil with the best composition and concentration. For this reason, plant samples of purple basil that were grown in areas with clay, loamy sand, and sandy-clay loam soil types were collected and evaluated to determine the changes in the yield and essential oil components. Essential oil contents were determined with the Clevenger Device, and essential oil compositions were determined by using GC and GC/MS analysis. The highest essential oil yield according to soil types was obtained from the plant samples that were grown in the loamy sand soil. It was also found that the main compounds present in Arapgir town purple basil were methylcinnamate and linalool that was also present in all Turkish purple basil under all types of soil. According to the soil types, the highest concentration (46.03%) of methylcinnamate was observed in loamy sand soils, and the lowest (42.33%) was obtained from sandy-clay loam soils and found to be significantly different. Data regarding correlations between soil types and essential oil ratios showed that organic matter and PO had a significant negative correlation with methylcinnamate. The present study will help researchers and farmers to choose the most suitable soil type to achieve maximum essential oil production from purple basil.
紫罗勒是最重要的罗勒品种之一，其精油有多种用途，包括药用和芳香用途。土壤类型可能会影响植株的生长、发育以及精油成分。因此，找到最适合的土壤类型很重要，这种土壤可能培育出具有最佳成分和浓度精油的罗勒植株。出于这个原因，收集并评估了在黏土、壤质砂土和砂质黏壤土类型地区种植的紫罗勒植株样本，以确定产量和精油成分的变化。用克莱文杰装置测定精油含量，并用气相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱联用分析法测定精油成分。根据土壤类型，壤质砂土中种植的植株样本精油产量最高。还发现阿拉普基尔镇紫罗勒中的主要化合物是肉桂酸甲酯和芳樟醇，所有类型土壤下的土耳其紫罗勒中也都含有芳樟醇。根据土壤类型，壤质砂土中肉桂酸甲酯的浓度最高（46.03%），砂质黏壤土中的浓度最低（42.33%），且差异显著。关于土壤类型与精油比例之间相关性的数据表明，有机质和有效磷与肉桂酸甲酯呈显著负相关。本研究将有助于研究人员和农民选择最合适的土壤类型，以实现紫罗勒精油产量最大化。
