Dai Zhanqiu, Zhao Tingxiao, Song Nan, Pan Kaifeng, Yang Yang, Zhu Xunbin, Chen Pengfei, Zhang Jun, Xia Chen
Department of Spine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Oct 18;13:1026386. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1026386. eCollection 2022.
Platelets are blood cells that are primarily produced by the shedding of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Platelets participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes , including hemostasis, thrombosis, immune-inflammation, tumor progression, and metastasis. Platelets have been widely used for targeted drug delivery therapies for treating various inflammatory and tumor-related diseases. Compared to other drug-loaded treatments, drug-loaded platelets have better targeting, superior biocompatibility, and lower immunogenicity. Drug-loaded platelet therapies include platelet membrane coating, platelet engineering, and biomimetic platelets. Recent studies have indicated that platelet extracellular vesicles (PEVs) may have more advantages compared with traditional drug-loaded platelets. PEVs are the most abundant vesicles in the blood and exhibit many of the functional characteristics of platelets. Notably, PEVs have excellent biological efficacy, which facilitates the therapeutic benefits of targeted drug delivery. This article provides a summary of platelet and PEVs biology and discusses their relationships with diseases. In addition, we describe the preparation, drug-loaded methods, and specific advantages of platelets and PEVs targeted drug delivery therapies for treating inflammation and tumors. We summarize the hot spots analysis of scientific articles on PEVs and provide a research trend, which aims to give a unique insight into the development of PEVs research focus.
血小板是主要由骨髓中巨核细胞脱落产生的血细胞。血小板参与多种生理和病理过程，包括止血、血栓形成、免疫炎症、肿瘤进展和转移。血小板已被广泛用于治疗各种炎症和肿瘤相关疾病的靶向药物递送疗法。与其他载药治疗相比，载药血小板具有更好的靶向性、卓越的生物相容性和更低的免疫原性。载药血小板疗法包括血小板膜包被、血小板工程和仿生血小板。最近的研究表明，与传统载药血小板相比，血小板细胞外囊泡（PEV）可能具有更多优势。PEV是血液中最丰富的囊泡，具有许多血小板的功能特性。值得注意的是，PEV具有出色的生物学功效，有利于靶向药物递送的治疗益处。本文综述了血小板和PEV的生物学特性，并讨论了它们与疾病的关系。此外，我们描述了血小板和PEV靶向药物递送疗法治疗炎症和肿瘤的制备方法、载药方法及具体优势。我们总结了关于PEV的科学文章的热点分析，并提供了研究趋势，旨在对PEV研究重点的发展提供独特见解。
