Li Jiamin, Fang Peng, Yi Xinwen, Kumar Vikas, Peng Mo
School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Shenzhen Aohua Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 19;9:1027641. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1027641. eCollection 2022.
The intestinal dysfunction induced by high plant protein diets is frequently observed in farmed fish, and probiotics of genus were documented to benefit the intestinal health through the modulation of intestinal microbiota without clearness in its underlying mechanism yet. Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were observed to be the dominate phyla, but their proportion differentiated in the intestinal bacterial community of Pengze crucian carp ( var. Pengze) fed different diets in this study. Dietary supplementation of could reshape the intestinal bacterial community altered by high plant protein diets through a notable reduction in opportunistic pathogen together with an increase in and/or from Firmicutes. Due to the alteration in the composition of bacterial community, Pengze crucian carp exhibited characteristic ecological networks dominated by cooperative interactions. Nevertheless, the increase in intensified the competition within bacterial communities and reduced the number of specialists within ecological network, contributing to the microbial dysbiosis induced by high plant protein diets. Two probiotics diets promoted the cooperation within the intestinal bacterial community and increased the number of specialists preferred to module hubs, and then further improved the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota. Microbial dysbiosis lead to microbial dysfunction, and microbial lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was observed to be elevated in high plant protein diets due to the increase in , gram-negative microbe. Probiotics restored the microbial function by elevating their amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism together with the promotion in the synthesis of primary and secondary bile acids. These results suggested that dietary supplementation of probiotics could restore the homeostasis and functions of intestinal microbiota in Pengze crucian carp fed high plant protein diets.
在养殖鱼类中经常观察到高植物蛋白饮食引起的肠道功能障碍，有文献记载该属益生菌可通过调节肠道微生物群来改善肠道健康，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，梭杆菌门、变形菌门和厚壁菌门被观察到是彭泽鲫肠道细菌群落中的优势门类，但它们在摄食不同饲料的彭泽鲫肠道细菌群落中的比例有所不同。日粮中添加[具体物质]可以重塑由高植物蛋白饮食改变的肠道细菌群落，显著减少机会性致病菌，同时增加厚壁菌门中[具体菌属1]和/或[具体菌属2]的数量。由于细菌群落组成的改变，彭泽鲫表现出以合作相互作用为主导的特征性生态网络。然而，[具体菌属1]数量的增加加剧了细菌群落内部的竞争，减少了生态网络中的特化菌数量，导致高植物蛋白饮食引起的微生物失调。两种益生菌日粮促进了肠道细菌群落内部的合作，增加了倾向于模块化枢纽的特化菌数量，进而进一步改善了肠道微生物群的稳态。微生物失调导致微生物功能障碍，由于革兰氏阴性菌[具体菌属]数量的增加，在高植物蛋白饮食中观察到微生物脂多糖生物合成升高。益生菌[具体益生菌名称]通过提高其氨基酸和碳水化合物代谢以及促进初级和次级胆汁酸的合成来恢复微生物功能。这些结果表明，日粮中添加益生菌[具体益生菌名称]可以恢复摄食高植物蛋白日粮的彭泽鲫肠道微生物群的稳态和功能。
