Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Mar Drugs. 2022 Oct 25;20(11):663. doi: 10.3390/md20110663.
Marine natural products (MNPs) continue to be in the spotlight in the global drug discovery endeavor. Currently, more than 32,000 structurally diverse secondary metabolites from marine sources have been isolated, making MNPs a vital source for researchers to look for novel drug candidates. The marine-derived psammaplysins possess the rare and unique 1,6-dioxa-2-azaspiro [4.6] undecane backbone and are represented by 44 compounds in the literature, mostly from sponges of the order Verongiida. Compounds with 1,6-dioxa-2-azaspiro [4.6] undecane moiety exist in the literature under five names, including psammaplysins, ceratinamides, frondoplysins, ceratinadins, and psammaceratins. These compounds displayed significant biological properties including growth inhibitory, antimalarial, antifouling, protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition, antiviral, immunosuppressive, and antioxidant effects. In this review, a comprehensive literature survey covering natural occurrence of the psammaplysins and related compounds, methods of isolation, structural differences, the biogenesis, and biological/pharmacological properties, will be presented.
海洋天然产物（MNPs）在全球药物发现努力中继续受到关注。目前，已经从海洋来源中分离出了超过 32,000 种结构多样的次生代谢产物，使 MNPs 成为研究人员寻找新型药物候选物的重要来源。海洋来源的沙玛普林斯具有罕见而独特的 1,6-二恶-2-氮杂螺[4.6]十一烷骨架，文献中记载了 44 种化合物，主要来自 Verongiida 目海绵。文献中存在以五个名称表示的具有 1,6-二恶-2-氮杂螺[4.6]十一烷部分的化合物，包括沙玛普林斯、角蛋白酰胺、蕨类蛋白、角蛋白二肽和沙玛角塔林。这些化合物具有显著的生物学特性，包括生长抑制、抗疟、抗污损、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制、抗病毒、免疫抑制和抗氧化作用。在这篇综述中，将全面介绍沙玛普林斯及其相关化合物的自然发生、分离方法、结构差异、生物发生和生物学/药理学特性的文献调查。
