Rhodin Marie, Smit Ineke H, Persson-Sjodin Emma, Pfau Thilo, Gunnarsson Vikingur, Björnsdóttir Sigridur, Zetterberg Ebba, Clayton Hilary M, Hobbs Sarah J, Serra Bragança Filipe, Hernlund Elin
Department of Anatomy Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112-114, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;12(21):3053. doi: 10.3390/ani12213053.
Knowledge of vertical motion patterns of the axial body segments is a prerequisite for the development of algorithms used in automated detection of lameness. To date, the focus has been on the trot. This study investigates the temporal synchronization between vertical motion of the axial body segments with limb kinematic events in walk and trot across three popular types of sport horses (19 Warmbloods, 23 Iberians, 26 Icelandics) that are known to have different stride kinematics, and it presents novel data describing vertical motion of the axial body segments in tölting and pacing Icelandic horses. Inertial measurement unit sensors recorded limb kinematics, vertical motion of the axial body at all symmetrical gaits that the horse could perform (walk, trot, tölt, pace). Limb kinematics, vertical range of motion and lowest/highest positions of the head, withers and pelvis were calculated. For all gaits except walk and pace, lowest/highest positions of the pelvis and withers were found to be closely related temporally to midstance and start of suspension of the hind/fore quarter, respectively. There were differences in pelvic/withers range of motion between all breeds where the Icelandic horses showed the smallest motion, which may explain why lameness evaluation in this breed is challenging.
了解轴向身体节段的垂直运动模式是开发用于自动检测跛行的算法的先决条件。迄今为止，重点一直放在小跑上。本研究调查了三种常见类型运动马（19匹温血马、23匹伊比利亚马、26匹冰岛马）在行走和小跑时轴向身体节段的垂直运动与肢体运动学事件之间的时间同步性，已知这些马具有不同的步幅运动学，并呈现了描述冰岛马溜蹄和平步时轴向身体节段垂直运动的新数据。惯性测量单元传感器记录了马能执行的所有对称步态（行走、小跑、溜蹄、平步）下的肢体运动学以及轴向身体的垂直运动。计算了肢体运动学、垂直运动范围以及头部、肩胛和骨盆的最低/最高位置。除行走和平步外，在所有步态中，骨盆和肩胛的最低/最高位置在时间上分别与后/前肢的支撑中期和悬垂开始密切相关。所有品种之间的骨盆/肩胛运动范围存在差异，其中冰岛马的运动最小，这可能解释了为什么对该品种进行跛行评估具有挑战性。
