Technical School of Health, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil; Paulista Nursing School, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Paulista Nursing School, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Quality Nursing of GAAP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
J Infect Public Health. 2022 Dec;15(12):1388-1393. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.10.016. Epub 2022 Oct 26.
Influenza infection is characterized by acute viral infection of high transmissibility. Worsening of the case can lead to the need for hospitalization, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and even death.
This is a cross-sectional population-based study that used secondary database from the Brazilian Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Only cases of adults with diagnosis of influenza by RT-PCR and case evolution recorded were included.
We identified 2273 adults with SARS by influenza, 343 of which had death as an outcome. The main risk factors for death were lack of hospitalization, not having cough and age, both with p < 0.001. In addition, without asthma, having black skin color, not receiving flu vaccine, having brown skin color and not having a sore throat (p ≤ 0.005) were risk factors too.
Factors associated with death due to SARS caused by influenza in Brazil, risk factors and protective factors to death were identified. It was evident that those who did not receive the flu vaccine presented twice the risk of unfavorable outcome, reinforcing the need to stimulate adherence to vaccination adhering and propose changes in public policies to make influenza vaccines available to the entire population, in order to prevent severe cases and unfavorable outcomes.
流感感染的特征是具有高度传染性的急性病毒感染。病情恶化可能导致需要住院治疗、严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS）甚至死亡。
这是一项基于人群的横断面研究，使用了巴西流感流行病学监测信息系统的二级数据库。仅纳入了通过 RT-PCR 诊断为流感且记录了病例进展的成年患者病例。
我们发现了 2273 例 SARS 流感成人病例，其中 343 例为死亡病例。死亡的主要危险因素是未住院、无咳嗽和年龄，均 p<0.001。此外，没有哮喘、黑色皮肤、未接种流感疫苗、棕色皮肤和没有喉咙痛（p≤0.005）也是死亡的危险因素。
在巴西，与 SARS 流感死亡相关的因素、死亡的风险因素和保护因素已经确定。未接种流感疫苗的人出现不良结局的风险增加了一倍，这突显了需要鼓励人们接种疫苗，并提出改变公共政策，使所有人都能获得流感疫苗，以预防严重病例和不良结局。
